Chapter 6

Question 1

Types of groups

Answer 1

primary groups
reference groups
social networks

Question 2

Primary Groups

Answer 2

form basic building blocks of social interaction

Question 3

reference groups

Answer 3

form out attitudes and life goals

Question 4

Importance of groupthink

Answer 4

very persuasive

Question 5

Importance of Risky Shift & Polarization shift

Answer 5

compel people to decisions that are against their judgement

Question 6

Types of formal organizations

Answer 6

normative
coercive
utilitarian
bureaucracies

Question 7

functional theory

Answer 7

specify birth organizational functions & organizational dysfunctions

Question 8

conflict theory

Answer 8

analyze consequences of hierarchical, gender, race, & social class conflict in organizations

Question 9

symbolic interaction theory

Answer 9

studying social interaction and integrating of the self into the organization

Question 10

attribution error

Answer 10

error made attributing someone’s behavior to their membership in a particular group

assume one person is “just like the rest” racist people judging

Question 11

attribution theory

Answer 11

dispositional attributions are made about what they are really like

Question 12

formal organization

Answer 12

large secondary group organized to accomplish a complex task or set of tasls

Question 13

bureaucracy

Answer 13

formal organization characterized by an authority hierarchy, clear division of labor, explicit rules, & impersonality

Question 14

expressive needs

Answer 14

needs for intimacy, companionship & emotional support

Question 15

coalition

Answer 15

an alliance formed by two or more individuals or groups against another individual or one or more groups to achieve certain ends

Question 16

group size effect

Answer 16

effect upon the person of groups of varying sizes

Question 17

coercive organizations

Answer 17

membership is involuntary

- prison

Question 18

deindividuation

Answer 18

feeling that one has merged with the group

Question 19

groupthink

Answer 19

tendency for members to reach a consensus at all costs

Question 20

dyad

Answer 20

group made of 2 people

Question 21

expressive needs

Answer 21

needs for intimacy, companionship, & emotional support

Question 22

ideal type

Answer 22

model rarely seen in reality but that defines the principal characteristics of a social form

Question 23

total institution

Answer 23

organization cut off from the rest of society where individuals are under strict social control

Question 24

instrumental needs

Answer 24

task/goal oriented needs

Question 25

triad

Answer 25

group made of 3 people

Question 26

McDolaldization

Answer 26

increasing presence of fast food model in organizations

Question 27

primary group

Answer 27

intimate, face to face interaction & typically long relationships

Question 28

reference group

Answer 28

any group used by the individual as a standard for evaluating themselves

Question 29

normative organizations

Answer 29

voluntary membership pursuing goals | -ex. PTA, or politics

Question 30

organizational culture

Answer 30

collective norms and values that shape people in an organization

Question 31

organizational ritualism

Answer 31

rules become ends in themselves rather than means to an end

Question 32

polarization shift

Answer 32

engaging in risky behavior just bc you are in a group

Question 33

utilitarian organization

Answer 33

profit or nonprofit org. that pays its employees