CHAPTER 6: AFRICA Flashcards by Espino, Nicole Joven

is the world’s second-largest
continent, covering roughly 20% of the
Earth’s landmass, and is considered the
“cradle of humankind” due to the earliest
human fossils being found there; it is
home to a diverse range of cultures,
landscapes, and wildlife, with a large
population that is the youngest among
all continents, and boasts significant
natural resources like minerals and
precious metals, though it also faces
challenges related to poverty and
economic development due to factors
like colonialism and climate change

Africa

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Africa
Countries
Largest
Smallest
Highest peak
Longest river

54
Algeria
Seychelles
Mt. Kilimanjaro
Nile River

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Capital:
Currency:
Languages: Arabic, Berber
Religion: Islam
Flag Carrier: Air Algérie
Main Airport: Houari Boumediene Airport (Algiers
International Airport)
is the largest country in Africa by land area and boasts one of the
most extensive collections of Roman ruins outside Europe.

Algiers
Algerian Dinar
Algeria

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The ruins of the first capital
of the Hammadid dynasty
offer insight into medieval
Islamic architecture and life.
The site includes a mosque
with a unique minaret and is
surrounded by scenic
mountains.

Al Qal’a of Beni Hammad

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This UNESCO World
Heritage site features well-
preserved Roman ruins,
including temples,
basilicas, and a theater. It
provides a vivid picture of
Roman colonial life in North
Africa.

Djemila

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Located in the Sahara Desert,
this site is known for its
prehistoric rock art dating back
thousands of years. The
dramatic sandstone formations
and unique landscapes are
perfect for adventure seekers.

Tassili n Aljer

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Egypt
Capital:
• Currency:
• Languages: Arabic
• Religion: Islam
• Flag Carrier: EgyptAir
• Main Airport: Cairo International Airport
• The Nile River, the longest river in Africa (though sometimes debated with the
Amazon), flows through ____ and has been the lifeline of the civilization for
millennia located

Cairo
Egyptian Pound
Egypt

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This country ____ developed a complex writing system called

Egypt - Hieroglyphics

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This country made a paper like material made from papyrus plant that grew along nile callled
+ A paste for their teeth using crushed eggshels, ashes, pumice

Papyrus

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These ancient wonders are
over 4,500 years old and
symbolize Egypt’s rich
history. Visitors can explore
the pyramid interiors and
learn about ancient burial
practices.

Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx

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Luxor, known as the “world’s
greatest open-air museum,”
features the Valley of the
Kings (where King
Tutankhamun’s tomb was
discovered) and Karnak
Temple. Aswan offers stunning
Nile River views and ancient
temples like Abu Simbel.

Luxor and Aswan

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modern cultural hub
that hosts
performances ranging
from traditional
Egyptian music to
international ballet

Cairo Opera House

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Morocco
Capital:
• Currency:
• Languages: Moroccan Arabic (Darija), Berber, French
• Religion: Islam
• Flag Carrier: Royal Air Maroc
• Main Airport: Casablanca Mohammed V International
Airport
• The public bathhouse, or hammam, is a significant social and
cleansing ritual, reflecting a long-standing tradition of
communal well-being.
• Intricate henna patterns are used for celebrations and as a
form of body art, often carrying symbolic meanings and
reflecting cultural aesthetics.
• boasts a rich traditionof intricate handicrafts,
including colorful ceramics, detailed carpets, leatherwork,
metalwork, and zellij tilework, showcasing skilled artistry
passed down through generations.

Rabat
Moroccan Dirham

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is a significant social and
cleansing ritual, reflecting a long-standing tradition of
communal well-being in Morocco

Public bathhouse or hammam

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In this country Intricate henna patterns are used for celebrations and as a
form of body art, often carrying symbolic meanings and
reflecting cultural aesthetics.
• boasts a rich tradition of intricate handicrafts,
including colorful ceramics, detailed carpets, leatherwork,
metalwork, and zellij tilework, showcasing skilled artistry
passed down through generations.

Morocco

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UNESCO World
Heritage site filled with
vibrant souks (markets),
palaces like Bahia
Palace, and gardens
such as Jardin Majorell

Medina of Marrakesh

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This fortified village made
of clay has been featured
in movies like Gladiator
and Game of Thrones
and showcases
traditional Berber
architecture.

Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou

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Known as the “Blue
City,” its blue-painted
streets create an
enchanting
atmosphere, perfect
for photograph

Chefchaouen

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Capital:
• Currency:
• Languages: Swahili, English
• Religion: Christianity, Islam
• Flag Carrier: Kenya Airways
• Main Airport: Jomo Kenyatta International
Airport
• has over 40 ethnic groups, each with unique traditions, such as the
Maasai tribe’s jumping dance.
• “Harambee,” meaning “pulling together” in Swahili, reflects a strong
tradition of community self-help and unity.
• a significant exporter of coffee and tea, with Kenyan coffee being
highly regarded worldwide.
• is famous for producing some of the world’s best long-distance
runners, particularly from the Kalenjin communit

Kenya
Nairobi
Kenyan Shilling

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Meaning “pulling together” in swahili reflects a strong tradition of community self help and unity in Kenya

Harambee

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Known for producing the world’s best long distance runners

Kenya

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Known for the Great
Wildebeest Migration, this
reserve offers unparalleled
opportunities to see lions,
cheetahs, elephants, and
more.

Study These Flashcards

Maasai Mara National Reserve

Famous for its large
elephant herds and
breathtaking views of Mount
Kilimanjaro.

Study These Flashcards

Amboseli National Park

A haven for bird watchers
due to its flamingo
population; also home to
rhinos.

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Lake Nakuru National Park

apital(s): • Currency: • Languages: 11 official languages, including Zulu, Afrikaans, English • Religion: Christianity • often called the "Rainbow Nation" due to its diverse mix of cultures, ethnicities, languages, and religions. This concept emphasizes unity in diversity after overcoming apartheid. • are multilingual. • is the only country in the world with three capital • Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and political leader who is widely regarded as a global icon of human rights and equality

South Africa Pretoria, Cape Town, Bloemfontein South African Rand

was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and political leader who is widely regarded as a global icon of human rights and equality.

Nelson Mandela

One of Africa’s largest game reserves, where visitors can see the "Big Five" animals on safari. (lion, leopard, African buffalo, elephant, and rhinoceros)

Kruger National Park

Accessible by cable car or hiking trails, offers panoramic views of Cape Town.

Table Mountain

UNESCO World Heritage site where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned; now a museum symbolizing freedom.

Robben Island

Capital: • Currency: • Languages: Swahili, English • Religion: Christianity, Islam • • renowned for its commitment to wildlife conservation, with vast areas protected as national parks and reserves. • It is home to both the highest point in Africa (Mount Kilimanjaro) and one of the world's deepest lakes (Lake Tanganyika). • is believed to have the largest lion population in the world, earning it the nickname "Lion Kingdom." • The legendary singer Freddie Mercury, the frontman of the band Queen, was born in Zanzibar.

Tanzania Dodoma Tanzanian Shilling

known for commitment to wildlife conservation lion population "lion kingdom" Mt. Kili n Lake Tanganyika Located

Tanzania

The legendary frontman singer of the band Queen, born in Zanzibar

Freddie Mercury

Famous for the Great Migration, involving millions of wildebeests and zebras

Serengeti National Park

The highest peak in Africa attracts climbers from around the world.

Mt. Kilimanjaro

Known for its pristine beaches and historic Stone Town with Swahili cultural influences.

Zanzibar Island

Capital: • Currency: • Main Airport: Addis Ababa Bole International Airport • is the only African country never to have been colonized, maintaining its independence throughout history. • uses its own calendar, which has 13 months and is about seven to eight years behind the Gregorian calendar. It also has a unique time system where the day begins at sunrise (around 6:00 AM Western time) which is considered 1 o'clock, and sunset is 12 o'clock. • The wild coffee plant, Coffea Arabica, Legend has it that a goat herder discovered coffee's energizing effects after observing his goats eating the berries.

Addis Ababa Ethopian Birr

Features 11 monolithic churches carved into rock during the 12th century.

Lalibela

Known for its colorful sulfur springs and extreme heat.

Danakil Depression

Offers dramatic landscapes with endemic wildlife, like the Gelada baboon.

Simien Mountains National Park

Capital: • Currency: has made remarkable progress in conservation and sustainable tourism, making it a model for other African countries. • "Land of a Thousand Hills":stunning, hilly landscape is a major draw for tourists, offering picturesque views and opportunities for hiking and trekking. • is often cited as one of the safest countries in Africa for travelers, with low crime rates and a visible police presence

Rwanda Kigali Rwandan Franc

Rwanda's stunning, hilly landscape is a major draw for tourists, offering picturesque views and opportunities for hiking and trekking.

Land of a Thousand Hills

Home to mountain gorillas and golden monkeys, offering unique trekking experiences.

Volcanoes national park

A place to learn about Rwanda’s history and honor the victims of the genocide.

Kigali Genocide Memorial

Known for its rainforest canopy walk and diverse wildlife.

Nyungwe Forest National Park

Capital: Currency: • s known for its unique wildlife. This includes numerous species of lemurs, chameleons, birds, and insects. • Fourth Largest Island is the fourth-largest island in the world, after Greenland, New Guinea, and Borneo.

Madagascar Antananarivo Malagasy Ariary

Northwestern Madagascar UNESCO site known for its dramatic limestone "Tsingy" rock formations and diverse wildlife, including lemurs. Popular for hiking and exploring the unique landscape.

Bemaraha National Park

Madagascar rainforest and UNESCO site famous for its lemur diversity. Guided walks offer excellent lemur viewing opportunities.

Lemur Spotting at Ranomafana National Park Central

Iconic western Madagascar road lined with massive, ancient Grandidier's baobab trees, creating a unique and photogenic landscape. A symbol of Madagascar's natural beauty.

Avenue of the Baobabs

Capital: Currency: • is known as the "Pearl of Africa" due to its stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and welcoming culture. • Kibale National Park is known as the "Primate Capital of the World" and offers excellent opportunities for chimpanzee trekking, as well as encounters with other prima • The equator passes through , and there are several points where visitors can stand with one foot in the Northern Hemisphere and the other in the Southern Hemisphere. • KFC's slogan "finger lickin' good" was reportedly banned infor a period as it was misinterpreted in the local context.

Uganda Kampala Ugandan Shilling

is known as the "Primate Capital of the World" and offers excellent opportunities for chimpanzee trekking, as well as encounters with other primates.

Kibale National Park

Home to half of the world's population of mountain gorillas.

Bwindi Impenetrable National Park

Offers diverse wildlife viewing, including tree- climbing lions.

Queen Elizabeth National Park

Known for its powerful waterfalls and abundant wildlife.

Murchison Falls National Park

CHAPTER 6: AFRICA Flashcards

(53 cards)