Chapter 6 - Civil Rights

Question 1

Civil Rights

Answer 1

The rights of people to be treated without unquestionable or unconstitutional differences

Question 2

separate-but-equal doctrine

Answer 2

The doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that African American that constitutionally be kept in separate but equal facilities

Question 3

subject classification

Answer 3

classification of people based on their ethnicity or race; laws so classifying people are subject to “strict scrutiny”

Question 4

strict scrutiny

Answer 4

The standard by which “suspect classifications” are judged. To be upheld, such a classification must be related to a “compelling government interest”, be “narrowly tailored” to achieve that interest, and use the “least restrictive means” available

Question 5

de jure segregation

Answer 5

racial segregation that is required by law

Question 6

de facto segregation

Answer 6

racial segregation that occurs in schools, not as a result of the law, but as a result of patterns of residential settlements

Question 7

civil disobedience

Answer 7

opposing a law one considers unjust by peacefully disobeying it and accepting the resulting punishment

Question 8

police powers

Answer 8

state powers to effect laws promoting health, safety, and morals

Question 9

equality of results

Answer 9

making certain that people achieve the same results

Question 10

affirmative action

Answer 10

laws or administrative regulations that require a business firm, government agency, labor union, school, college, or other organization to take positive steps to increase the number of African Americans, or other minorities, or women in its membership

Question 11

reverse discrimination

Answer 11

using race or sex to give preferential treatment to some people

Question 12

equality of opportunity

Answer 12

giving people an equal chance to succeed