Chapter 6: Conception and Birth Flashcards
(49 cards)
During what part of a woman’s menstrual cycle is she most likely to get pregnant?
during ovulation: day 14
What are the three parts of a sperm?
Head, mid piece, and tail
How many sperm are contained in a typical ejaculate?
200 million
How fast do sperm travel and how long does it take for sperm to reach the egg after ejaculation?
Capable of swimming 1 to 3 sm per hour; 1.5 hours after ejaculation
Where does fertilization of the egg usually take place?
the outer third of the fallopian tube -near the ovary
How do sperm break through the “zona” of the egg?
Swarm around the egg and secrete an enzyme called hyaluronidase that dissolves the zona
What is a zygote?
Fertilized egg
If a couple wishes to get pregnant, how can they figure out when it would be best for them to have sex?
Determine when she ovulates by basal body temp chart; in a perfect cycle day 14
How long can sperm survive within a woman’s body?
Five days
What is the best sexual position for getting pregnant?
Missionary
What occurs during the embryonic period of fetal development (the first eight weeks)?
-most of the major organs
What is the ectoderm?
will form nervous system and skin
What is the endoderm?
digestive system
What is mesoderm?
muscles, skeleton, tissues, reproductive and circulatory systems
What is the placenta and what are its functions?
an organ on the wall of the uterus through which the fetus receives oxygen and nutrients and gets rid of waste products
How is the placenta related with the physical symptoms of pregnancy?
barrier between the fetus and the women’s blood for example if the mom was a cold that fetus will stay completely healthy
What hormones are involved in this process?
Estrogen, progesterone, and hCG human chorionic gonadotropin -pregnancy hormone
What is amniotic fluid and what are its functions?
Watery liquid that that fetus floats in and can readily move in; maintains the fetus at a constant temp
What are the different milestones that happen during fetal development? (Refer to Table 1)
First trimester: backbone and external body parts develop
- Second trimester: fetal movement and heartbeat
- Third trimester: chubby baby
What are the symptoms of pregnancy that occur during the 1sttrimester?
Missed menstrual period, spotting, increase in temperature, tender boobs
Why is it important for a woman to detect her pregnancy as early as possible?
To start getting prenatal care, get on a good nutrition diet
How do pregnancy tests work to detect pregnancy?
Immunologic test based on the presence of hCG
What are differences between laboratory vs. home (over-the-counter) pregnancy tests?
Laboratory are 99% accurate vs home may produce a false negative
What are “positive signs” of pregnancy?
Beating of fetal heart, active fetal movement, and detection of a fetal skeleton by ultrasound
