Chapter 6:Emotion

Question 1

All of the following statements about emotions are accurate EXCEPT emotions

Answer 1

last for hours or even days.

ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Characterizing Emotion OBJ: 6.1A MSC: Understanding

Question 2

In the first appraisal stage, the person

Answer 2

evaluates whether an event is congruent or incongruent with his or her goals.

ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Characterizing Emotion OBJ: 6.1A MSC: Analyzing

Question 3

In the secondary appraisal stage,

Answer 3

a person determines possible ways of responding to an event and the consequences of those responses.

ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Characterizing Emotion OBJ: 6.1A MSC: Analyzing

Question 4

Carla’s boyfriend breaks up with her. She comes up with her own explanation for this unfortunate turn of events during the ________ stage of the appraisal process.

Answer 4

secondary

ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Characterizing Emotion OBJ: 6.1A MSC: Applying

Question 5

Patterns of construal for evaluating events and objects in the environment based on their relation to current goals are known as ________ processes.

Answer 5

appraisal

ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Characterizing Emotion OBJ: 6.1A MSC: Remembering

Question 6

Which of the following is a result of feeling sympathy?

Answer 6

awareness of our shared humanity with others.

ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Characterizing Emotion OBJ: 6.1A MSC: Understanding

Question 7

Ekman and colleagues’ research on the universality of facial expression showed that people from diverse cultures tend to agree in how they label the emotions of

Answer 7

anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise.

ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2A MSC: Understanding

Question 8

Which of the following approaches to understanding emotion assumes that the components of emotion allow adaptive responses to threats to survival?

Answer 8

the evolutionary approach.

ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2A MSC: Analyzing

Question 9

Which of the following approaches to understanding emotion assumes that emotions are strongly influenced by values, roles, institutions, and socialization practices?

Answer 9

the cultural approach.

ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2B MSC: Analyzing

Question 10

Scientific studies of emotional expression support which perspective(s) on emotions?

Answer 10

both the evolutionary and the cultural approaches.

ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2C MSC: Analyzing

Question 11

Biting the tongue signals embarrassment in India but not in the United States. This is an example of a(n)

Answer 11

emotion accent.

ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2B MSC: Applying

Question 12

Research shows that cultures do NOT tend to vary in

Answer 12

the facial expressions used to display an emotion.

ANS: D

Question 13

Display rules are

Answer 13

culturally specific principles that govern how and when and to whom we express emotion.

ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2B MSC: Remembering

Question 14

What is present in the Duchenne smile that is NOT present in polite smiles?

Answer 14

activity in the orbicularis eye muscle.

ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2A MSC: Analyzing

Question 15

According to research, shame is more likely to be a focal emotion for ________ than for ________.

Answer 15

members of interdependent cultures; members of independent cultures.

ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2B MSC: Analyzing

Question 16

Research by Tracy and colleagues examined the expression of pride in athletes who were sighted versus blind. Which of the following best summarizes the results of this research?

Answer 16

Both sighted and blind athletes equally displayed nonverbal expressions of pride after winning.

ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2A MSC: Understanding

Question 17

Darwin’s principle of serviceable habits suggests that facial expressions of emotion

Answer 17

derived from behaviors that proved useful and adaptive to our ancestors.

ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: Emotional Expression: Universal and Culturally Specific OBJ: 6.2A MSC: Understanding

Question 18

Which hormone promotes closeness and commitment?

Answer 18

oxytocin.

ANS: B

Question 19

Which emotion is more often expressed by those high in power, compared to those low in power?

Answer 19

anger.

ANS: C

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that touch promotes closeness between friends and relationship partners?

Answer 20

Touch causes the body to create and release estrogen.

ANS: D

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a key component of emotional intelligence?

Answer 21

preventing emotional feelings.

ANS: D

Question 22

What are you likely to infer about Vince based on his interaction?

Answer 22

Vince has a high status role within the fraternity.

ANS: B DIF: Difficult REF: Emotions and Social Relationships OBJ: 6.3A MSC: Applying

Question 23

Based on research by Kraus and colleagues how will the teams do if they follow the same routine over the season?

Answer 23

Coach Keating’s team will do better because the touch in which they engage coordinates the team.

ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Emotions and Social Relationships OBJ: 6.3A MSC: Applying

Question 24

What physiological change are Amy and David likely experiencing?

Answer 24

increases in oxytocin.

ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Emotions and Social Relationships OBJ: 6.3A MSC: Applying

Question 25

What happens when montane voles are given an injection of oxytocin?

Answer 25

They stay close to one sexual partner. ## Footnote ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Emotions and Social Relationships OBJ: 6.3A MSC: Understanding

Question 26

Tami is displaying which form of nonverbal communication?

Answer 26

a self-adapter. ## Footnote ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Emotions and Social Relationships OBJ: 6.3A MSC: Applying

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT associated with high emotional intelligence?

Answer 27

being better at mathematics. ## Footnote ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Emotions and Social Relationships OBJ: 6.3B MSC: Understanding

Question 28

While making speeches, President Clinton is utilizing which form of nonverbal communication?

Answer 28

illustrators. ## Footnote ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: Emotions and Social Relationships OBJ: 6.3A MSC: Applying

Question 29

What is Mohammed likely to do first to communicate his interest?

Answer 29

look her way and then take a broad stance to look large. ## Footnote ANS: A DIF: Difficult REF: Emotions and Social Relationships OBJ: 6.3A MSC: Applying

Question 30

Isen studied how emotions might influence cognitive processes. She found that ________ emotions led participants to ________.

Answer 30

positive; categorize objects in more inclusive ways. ## Footnote ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Emotions and Social Cognition OBJ: 6.4A MSC: Understanding

Question 31

Ana's experience demonstrates how emotions can exert a powerful influence on

Answer 31

perception. ## Footnote ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: Emotions and Social Cognition OBJ: 6.4A MSC: Applying

Question 32

How is Neha likely to interpret the attendant's behavior?

Answer 32

Neha is likely to think that the attendant is rude and aggressive. ## Footnote ANS: A DIF: Difficult REF: Emotions and Social Cognition OBJ: 6.4A MSC: Applying

Question 33

The ________ states that people first have fast emotional reactions to events with moral significance and then recruit more thoughtful reasoning to make a final judgment about right and wrong.

Answer 33

social intuitionist model. ## Footnote ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Emotions and Social Cognition

Question 34

What is Neha likely to think about the attendant?

Answer 34

Neha is likely to think that the attendant is tired.

Question 35

Which model states that people first have fast emotional reactions to events with moral significance?

Answer 35

The social intuitionist model.

Question 36

What emotions are triggered by appraisals of harm?

Answer 36

Emotions such as sympathy, concern, or compassion.

Question 37

According to the broaden-and-build hypothesis, how is Aisha likely to solve her problem set after finding money?

Answer 37

Aisha is more likely to solve the problem set in creative ways.

Question 38

How could Josh's fear after 9/11 influence his perception of his environment?

Answer 38

Josh is also generally afraid of other potential risks, even those unrelated to terrorism.

Question 39

Which example provides the best evidence for the broaden-and-build hypothesis?

Answer 39

People who unexpectedly find a dollar on the floor are in a better mood.

Question 40

What is Halima experiencing when she feels that her friend's behavior was wrong despite understanding it?

Answer 40

Halima is experiencing moral dumbfounding.

Question 41

According to the social intuitionist model, what is the first step in Mark's moral reasoning about John's experience?

Answer 41

First, Mark has a quick emotional reaction that this is wrong.

Question 42

Which is NOT one of the universal moral domains in Haidt's moral foundations theory?

Answer 42

Cleanliness/filth.

Question 43

About which moral domain is Rob LESS likely to be concerned?

Answer 43

Care/harm.

Question 44

What does the concept of duration neglect refer to?

Answer 44

The length of a pleasurable experience is unrelated to overall reports of pleasure.

Question 45

Who will remember experiencing more pain after their medical procedures?

Answer 45

Steve will remember more pain, because his procedure was more painful at the end.

Question 46

What does research on affective forecasting suggest about people's predictions of negative life events?

Answer 46

People tend to overestimate the emotional impact of negative life events.

Question 47

Which bias best explains findings on affective forecasting?

Answer 47

Immune neglect.

Question 48

What is the tendency to focus too much on a central aspect of an event while ignoring other factors?

Answer 48

Immune neglect.

Question 49

What are the two measurable components of happiness?

Answer 49

Life satisfaction and emotional well-being.

Question 50

What did Davidson's study on Tibetan monks find regarding meditation?

Answer 50

The Tibetan monks showed greater activity in the left frontal lobes, regions associated with positive emotions.

Question 51

What is the tendency to experience more positive emotions than negative emotions?

Answer 51

Emotional well-being.

Question 52

What did Gilbert and colleagues find about relationship predictions?

Answer 52

Luckies estimated they would be less happy compared to Leftovers.

Question 53

Which married couples are most likely to have long-lasting relationships according to John Gottman's research?

Answer 53

Those with a higher ratio of positive to negative emotions.

Question 54

What is Bill engaging in when he only considers the good times of finding a wonderful wife?

Answer 54

Focalism.

Question 55

According to research on happiness, how should Lois feel after winning the lottery?

Answer 55

Lois should be not much happier, especially if she has attended college.

Question 56

What should Bill and Janet ensure to increase their children's enjoyment of a backpacking trip?

Answer 56

The end of the trip is extremely fun.

Question 57

What does the concept of immune neglect suggest about our resilience to negative life events?

Answer 57

We underestimate our capacity to be resilient in responding to negative life events.