Chapter 6: Fitness Assessment

Question 1

General and Medical history: such as Occupation, Lifestyle, medical, and personal information

Answer 1

Subjective information

Question 2

What does a preparticipation health screening include?

Answer 2

A medical history questionnaire and a review of their chronic disease risk factors and presence of any signs or symptoms of disease.

Question 3

A questionnaire that has been designed to determine the safety or possible risk of exercising for a client based on the answers to specific health history questions.

Answer 3

What is the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire?

Question 4

Collecting this kind of information helps personal trainers begin to recognize important clues about the clients musculoskeletal structures and functions?

Answer 4

Occupation

Question 5

What are the effects of clients sitting for long periods throughout the day?

Answer 5

tight hip flexors and postural imbalances such as rounded shoulders and forward head and potentially cause poor cardiorespiratory conditioning due to low energy.

Question 6

A persistent motion that can cause musculoskeletal injury and dysfunction?

Answer 6

repetitive movement

Question 7

What can lead to abnormal breathing patterns that may cause postural or musculoskeletal imbalances in the neck, shoulder, chest, and low-back muscles?

Answer 7

Mental stress and anxiety

Question 8

Refers to a client’s physical activities outside of the work environment, also referred to as leisure time?

Answer 8

Recreation

Question 9

What have been shown to decrease the neural control to the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus muscles?

Answer 9

Ankle Sprains

Question 10

What can cause a decrease in the neural control to muscles that stabalize the patella and lead to further injury?

Answer 10

Knee Injuries

Question 11

What are noncontact knee injures usually a result of?

Answer 11

ankle or hip dysfunctions

Question 12

What can cause decreased neural control to stabalizing muscles of the core, resulting in poor stabalization of the spice?

Answer 12

Low-back injuries

Question 13

What can cause altered neural control of the rotator cuff muscles, which can lead do instability of the shoulder joint during functional activities?

Answer 13

Shoulder injuries

Question 14

patellar tendonitis

Answer 14

Jumpers knee

Question 15

plantar fasciitis

Answer 15

pain in the heel and bottom of the foot

Question 16

posterior tibialis tendonitis

Answer 16

shin splints

Question 17

biceps tendonitis

Answer 17

shoulder pain

Question 18

Generally used as antihypertensive (high blood pressure), may also be prescribed for arrhythmias (irregular heart beat)

Answer 18

Beta-blockers

Question 19

Generally prescribed for hypertension and angina (chest pain)

Answer 19

Calcium-channel blockers

Question 20

Generally prescribed for hypertension, congestive heart failure

Answer 20

Nitrates

Question 21

Generally prescribed for hypertension, congestive heart failure, and peripheral edema

Answer 21

Diuretics

Question 22

Generally prescribed to correct or prevent bronchial smooth muscle constriction in individuals with asthma and other pulmonary diseases

Answer 22

Bronchodilators

Question 23

Used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure

Answer 23

Vasodilators

Question 24

Used in the treatment of various psychiatric and emotional disorders

Answer 24

antidepressants

Question 25

Type of MEDICATION that causes heart rate and blood pressure to both decrease

Answer 25

Beta-Blockers

Question 26

Type of MEDICATION that causes the heart rate to either increase, decrease, or stay the same while the blood pressure decreases?

Answer 26

Calcium-Channel Blockers

Question 27

Which type of medication causes the heart rate to increase or stay the same while the blood pressure stays the same or decreases?

Answer 27

Nitrates

Question 28

Which type of MEDICATION has no effect on the heart rate and has either no effect or decreases blood pressure?

Answer 28

Diuretics

Question 29

Type of TREATMENT that has no effect on the heart rate or blood pressure?

Answer 29

Bronchodilators

Question 30

Type of TREATMENT that can either increase, decrease, or have no effect on the heart rate while decreasing the blood pressure?

Answer 30

Vasodilators

Question 31

Type of TREATMENT that can increase or have no effect on the heart rate and either decrease or have no effect on the blood pressure?

Answer 31

Antidepressants

Question 32

Information collected during a fitness assessment including resting and exercise physiological measurements (blood pressure, heart rate), resting anthropometric measurements (height, weight, body fat percentage, circumference measurements), and specific measures of fitness (muscular endurance, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness)

Answer 32

Objective Information

Question 33

What is a sensitive indicator of a client's overall cardiorespiratory health as well as fitness status?

Answer 33

Resting heart rate and blood pressure

Question 34

Resting HR is a fairly good indicator of overall ____?

Answer 34

Cardiorespiratory fitness

Question 35

Exercise HR is a strong indicator of how a client's cardiorespiratory system is ______?

Answer 35

Responding and adapting to exercise

Question 36

What are the two most common sites used to record a pulse?

Answer 36

the radial and carotid arteries

Question 37

What is the purpose of heart rate training zone 1?

Answer 37

build aerobic base and aids in recovery

Question 38

What is the purpose of heart rate training zone 2?

Answer 38

Increase aerobic and anaerobic endurance

Question 39

What is the purpose of heart rate training zone 3?

Answer 39

Builds high-end work capacity

Question 40

Straight Percentage Method to calculate THR.

Answer 40

First find the maximal heart rate by subtracting the client's age from 220 (220-age). Then once The HR max is determined multiply it by the appropriate intensityat which the client should work while performing cardiorespiratory exercise.

Question 41

What is Zone One's intensity rate?

Answer 41

65% - 75&

Question 42

What is Zone Two's intensity rate?

Answer 42

76% - 85%

Question 43

What is zone Three's intensity rate?

Answer 43

86% -95%

Question 44

The pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels after blood is ejected from the heart?

Answer 44

Blood Pressure

Question 45

The top number of blood pressure that represents the pressure within the arterial system after the heart contracts?

Answer 45

Systolic

Question 46

The bottom number of blood pressure that represents the pressure within the arterial system when the heart is resting and filling with blood?

Answer 46

Diastolic

Question 47

What is an acceptable systolic blood pressure measurement?

Answer 47

less than or equal to 120 mm Hg

Question 48

What is an acceptable diastolic blood pressure measurement?

Answer 48

less than or equal to 80 mm Hg

Question 49

Body weight except stored fat, and includes muscles, bones, water, connective and organ tissues, and teeth

Answer 49

Fat-free mass

Question 50

Includes both essential fat and non essential fat

Answer 50

Fat mass

Question 51

What is the essential body fat for men and for women?

Answer 51

Men: 3-5%; Women: 8-12%

Question 52

What is the Athletic body fat for men and women?

Answer 52

Men: 5-13%; Women: 12-22%

Question 53

What is the recommended body fat percentages for men and women 34 years or less?

Answer 53

Men: 8-22%; Women: 20-35%

Question 54

What is the recommended body fat percentages for men and women 35 - 55 years of age?

Answer 54

Men: 10-25%; Women: 23-38%

Question 55

What is the recommended body fat percentages for men and women 56+ years of age?

Answer 55

Men: 10-25%; Women: 25-38%

Question 56

In underwater weighing, a person with a larger percentage of lean body mass will weigh (more/less) in the water

Answer 56

More

Question 57

An indirect measure of the thickness and subcutaneous adipose tissue

Answer 57

Skinfold measurements

Question 58

What is the Durnin formula's four sites of skinfold measurement?

Answer 58

Biceps, Triceps, Subscapular, Illiac Crest

Question 59

A 45-degree angle fold of 1 to 2 cm, below the inferior angle of the scapula?

Answer 59

Subscapular measurment

Question 60

A 45- degree angle fold, taken just above the iliac crest and medial to the axillary line?

Answer 60

Illiac Crest measurement

Question 61

What side of the body should all the skinfold measurements be taken on?

Answer 61

Right

Question 62

Body fat % X scale weight =

Answer 62

Fat mass

Question 63

Scale Weight - fat mass =

Answer 63

lean body mass

Question 64

Waist-to-hip-ratio

Answer 64

dividing the waist measurement by the hip measurement

Question 65

A waist-to-hip ration greater than what for men and women may put them at risk for a number of diseases?

Answer 65

Men: .95; Women: .80

Question 66

A rough assessment based on the concept that a persons weight should be proportional to their height?

Answer 66

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Question 67

What are the two ways of calculating BMI?

Answer 67

Weight(kg)/Height (m^2) | [weight (lbs)/Height (in^2)] X 703

Question 68

What is the preferred method for determining cardiorespiratory functional capacity and fitness?

Answer 68

submaximal tests

Question 69

What are the 5 steps of the YMCA 3-minute step test?

Answer 69

STEP 1: Perform a 3 minute step test by having a client perform 96 steps per minuteon a 12 -inch step for a total of 3 minutes STEP 2: record resting HR for 60 sec STEP 3: Locate recovery pulse on graph STEP 4: Determine zone according to HR graph STEP 5: determine client's MHR then multiply it by target zone

Question 70

A postural distortion syndrome characterized by foot pronation (flat feet) and adducted and internally rotated knees

Answer 70

Pronation distortion syndrome

Question 71

A postural distortion syndrome characterized by an anterior tilt to the pelvis (arched lower back)

Answer 71

Lower crossed syndrome

Question 72

A postural distortion syndrome characterized by a forward head and rounded shoulders

Answer 72

Upper crossed syndrome

Question 73

What are possible injuries as a result of Pronation Distortion Syndrome?

Answer 73

Plantar fasciitis, Posterior tibialis tendonitis (shin splints), Patellar tendonitis, Low-back pain

Question 74

What are possible injuries as a result of Lower Crossed Syndrome?

Answer 74

Hamstring complex Strain, Anterior knee pain, Low-back pain

Question 75

What are possible injuries as a result of Upper Crossed Syndrome?

Answer 75

Headaches, Bicep tendonitis, rotator cuff impingement, Thoracic outlet syndrome.