CHAPTER 6 FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: DATABASES INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Question 1

A grouping of characters into a word, a group of
words, or a complete number

Answer 1

field

Question 2

group of related fields, such as the student’s name, the course taken, the date, and the grade

Answer 2

record

Question 3

a group of records of the same type.

Answer 3

file

Question 4

is a person, place, thing, or event on which we store and maintain information.

Answer 4

entity

Question 5

characteristic or quality describing a particular entity

Answer 5

attribute

Question 6

occurs when different groups in an organization independently collect the same piece of data and store it independently of each other.

Answer 6

Data redundancy

Question 7

where the same attribute may have different values.

Answer 7

data inconsistency

Question 8

refers to the coupling of data stored in files and the
specific programs required to update and maintain those files such that changes in programs require changes to the data.

Answer 8

Program-data dependence

Question 9

is software that permits an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and provide access to the stored data by application programs.

Answer 9

database management system (DBMS)

Question 10

A group of related files also it is a collection of data organized to serve many applications efficiently by centralizing the data and controlling redundant data.

Answer 10

database

Question 11

Relational databases represent data as two-dimensional tables (called relations). Tables may be referred to as files. Each table contains data on an entity and its attributes.

Answer 11

relational DBMS

Question 12

The actual information about a single supplier that resides in a table is called a row. Rows are commonly referred to as records, or in very technical terms, as tuples.

Answer 12

tuples

Question 13

The field in the table that uniquely identifies each record so that the record can be retrieved, updated, or sorted on

Answer 13

key field

Question 14

Each table in a relational database has one field that is
designated as its primary key. This key field is the unique identifier for all the information in any row of the table and this primary key cannot be duplicated.

Answer 14

primary key

Question 15

is essentially a lookup field to look up data about the supplier of a specific part.

Answer 15

foreign key

Question 16

stores the data and procedures that act on those
data as objects that can be automatically retrieved and shared.

Answer 16

object-oriented DBMS

Question 16

capability to specify the structure of the content
of the database.

Answer 16

data definition

Question 16

is an automated or manual file that stores definitions of data elements and their characteristics.

Answer 16

data dictionary

Question 17

used to add, change, delete, and retrieve the data in the database.

Answer 17

data manipulation language

Question 18

The most prominent data manipulation language today

Answer 18

Structured Query Language, or SQL

Question 19

The process of creating small, stable, yet flexible and
adaptive data structures from complex groups of data

Answer 19

normalization.

Question 20

rules to ensure that relationships between coupled tables remain consistent

Answer 20

referential integrity

Question 21

Database designers document their data model using
diagrams that illustrates the relationship between the entities

Answer 21

entity-relationship diagram

Question 22

is a database that stores current and historical data of
potential interest to decision makers throughout the company.

Answer 22

data warehouse

Question 23

is a subset of a data warehouse in which a summarized or highly focused portion of the organization's data is placed in a separate database for a specific population of users.

Answer 23

data mart

Question 24

supports multidimensional data analysis, enabling users to view the same data in different ways using multiple dimensions.

Answer 24

online analytical processing (OLAP)

Question 25

provides insights into corporate data that cannot be obtained with OLAP by finding hidden patterns and relationships in large databases and inferring rules from them to predict future behavior.

Answer 25

Data mining

Question 26

types of information obtainable from data mining

Answer 26

Associations:are occurrences linked to a single event. sequences: events are linked over time. Classification: recognizes patterns that describe the group to which an item belongs by examining existing items that have been classified and by inferring a set of rules. Clustering: works in a manner similar to classification when no groups have yet been defined. forecasting:It uses a series of existing values to forecast what other values will be.

Question 27

use data mining techniques, historical data, and assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events, such as the probability a customer will respond to an offer or purchase a specific product.

Answer 27

Predictive analytics

Question 28

used with unstructured data, to help businesses analyze these such data

Answer 28

Text mining

Question 29

The discovery and analysis of useful patterns and information from the World Wide Web

Answer 29

Web mining

Question 30

In a client/server environment, the DBMS resides on a dedicated computer

Answer 30

database server

Question 31

specifies the organization's rules for sharing, disseminating, acquiring, standardizing, classifying, and inventorying information.

Answer 31

information policy

Question 32

is responsible for the specific policies and procedures through which data can be managed as an organizational resource

Answer 32

Data administration

Question 32

deals with the policies and processes for managing the availability, usability, integrity, and security of the data employed in an enterprise, with special emphasis on promoting privacy, security, data quality, and compliance with government regulations.

Answer 32

data governance

Question 33

responsible for defining and organizing the structure and content of the database, and maintaining the database.

Answer 33

database administration

Question 34

a structured survey of the accuracy and level of completeness of the data in an information system. Data quality audits can be performed by surveying entire data files, surveying samples from data files, or surveying end users for their perceptions of data quality.

Answer 34

data quality audit

Question 35

consists of activities for detecting and correcting data in a database that are incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant.

Answer 35

Data cleansing or data scrubbing

Question 36

Generalized category representing person, place, thing on which we store & maintain info

Answer 36

Entity

Question 36

-Specific characteristics of each entity -Supplier name, address -Part description, unit price, supplier

Answer 36

Attributes

Question 36

-Organize data into 2-dimenstional tables w/ columns & rows -Cone table -Rows store data for separate records

Answer 36

Relational database

Question 36

Collection of related files containing records on people, places or things

Answer 36

Database

Question 37

Uniquely identifies each record

Answer 37

Key Field

Question 37

Store data representing an attribute

Answer 37

Fields

Question 38

-One field in each table -Cannot be duplicated -Provides unique identifier for all info in any row

Answer 38

Primary Key

Question 39

-Specific type of software for creating, storing, organizing & accessing data from a database -Separates the logical & physical views of data

Answer 39

Database Management System (DBMS)

Question 39

How data are actually structured & organized -Microsoft Access -DB2 -Oracle Database

Answer 39

Physical View

Question 40

Data manipulation lanuage - SQL Report generation

Answer 40

Querying & reporting

Question 40

How end users view data

Answer 40

Logical View

Question 41

Data definition capabilities

Answer 41

Specify structure of content of database

Question 41

Capabilities of DBMS

Answer 41

-Data definition -Data dictionary -Querying & reporting

Question 42

Automated or manual file storing definitions of data elements and their charateristics

Answer 42

Data dictionary

Question 43

Operations of relational DBMS

Answer 43

-Select -Join -Project

Question 44

Creates a subset of all records meeting stated criteria

Answer 44

Select

Question 45

Combines relational tables to present the server with more information than is available from individual tables

Answer 45

Join

Question 46

-Creates a subset consisting of columns in a table -Permits user to create new tables containing only desired info

Answer 46

Project

Question 47

A special-purpose programming language designed for managing data held in a relational database management system...

Answer 47

Structured Query Language (SQL)

Question 48

-Stores data & procedures that act on those data as object to be retrieved and shared -Used to manage multimedia components -Relatively slow compared to relational DBMS

Answer 48

Object oriented database

Question 49

-Database that stores current & historical data that may be of interest to decision makers -Standardizes data from many systems -Data can be accessed but not altered

Answer 49

Data warehouse

Question 50

Subset of warehouses, highly focused and isolated for a specific population of users

Answer 50

Data mart

Question 51

Tools for consolidating & providing access to large amounts of data to improve decision making

Answer 51

Business Intelligence

Question 52

-supports multidimensional analysis -allows users to view the same data in different ways -obtain online answers to questions in a rapid time

Answer 52

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

Question 53

-Finds hidden patterns & relationships in large databases & infers rules from them to predict future behavior

Answer 53

Data Mining

Question 54

Info obtained from data mining

Answer 54

-Associations -Sequences -Classifications -Clustering -Forecasting

Question 55

Design & Mgmt group responsible for defining & organizing the structure & content of the database, and maintaining the database

Answer 55

Database administration

Question 55

-Uses mining techniques, historical data & assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events such as the probability a customer will respond to an offer or purchase a specific product

Answer 55

Predictive analysis

Question 56

States organization's rules for organizing, managing, storing & sharing info

Answer 56

Information policy

Question 57

Responsible for specific policies and procedures through which data can be managed as a resource

Answer 57

Data administration

Question 58

Major obstacle to successful customer reltionship

Answer 58

Poor data quality

Question 59

Structured survey of the accuracy and completeness of data

Answer 59

Data quality audit

Question 60

Detects & corrects incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted & redundant data

Answer 60

Data cleansing