Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phlebotomy > Chapter 6 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Circulatory System

A

System that consists of the cardiovascular system (heart, blood, and blood vessels) and the lymphatic system (lymph, lymph vessels, and nodes) and is the means by which oxygen and nutrients are carried to the cells and carbon dioxide and other wastes are carried away from them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Septa (Septum)

A

Partitions consisting mostly of myocardium that separate the right and left chambers of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pericardium

A

A thin fluid filled sac that surrounds the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Epicardium

A

The thin outer layer of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Myocardium

A

The middle muscle layer of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Endocardium

A

The thin inner layer of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Atria (atrium)

A

The upper receiving chambers on each side of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ventricles

A

The lower pumping or delivering chambers on each side of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) Valves

A

The valves at the entrance to the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chordae tendineae

A

Thin threads of tissue that attach the atrioventicular valves to the walls of a the ventricles to help keep them from flipping back into the atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Semilunar valves

A

Valves at the exits of the ventricles that are crescent shaped like the moon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Interatrial septum

A

The partition that separates the right and left atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Interventricular Septum

A

The partition that separates the right and left ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Arteries that branch off of the aorta just beyond the aortic semilunar valves that delivers blood to the heart muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Myocardial ischemia

A

Condition resulting from an insufficient supply of blood to meet the oxygen needs of the heart muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Myocardial infarction (MI)

A

Heart attack or necrosis (death) of heart muscle from lack of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cardiac Cycle

A

One complete contraction and subsequent relaxation of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Systole

A

Contracting phase of the cardiac cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxing phase of the cardiac cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sinoatrial (SA)node or Pacemaker

A

Structure that generates the electrical impulse that initiates heart contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

A

An actual record of the electrical currents that correspond to each event in heart muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Murmurs

A

Abnormal heart sounds due to faulty valve action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Heart rate

A

Number of beats per minute, which is normally around 72 beats per minute in adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cardiac output

A

Volume of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute and averages 5 liters per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Arrhythmia

A

An irregularity in the heart rate, rhythm, or beat

26
Q

Bradycardia

A

A slow heart rate, less than 60 beats per minute

27
Q

Tachycardia

A

A fast heart rate over 100 beats per minute

28
Q

Extrasystoles

A

Extra beats before the normal beat

29
Q

Fibrillations

A

Rapid uncoordinated contractions, and can result in lack of pumping action

30
Q

Pulse

A

Palpable rhythmic throbbing caused by alternating contraction and expansion of an artery as a wave of blood passes through it

31
Q

Blood pressure

A

Measure of the force (pressure) exerted by the blood on the walls of blood vessels

32
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

Blood pressure cuff, device that is used to measure blood pressure

33
Q

Systolic pressure

A

The pressure in the arteries during contractions of the ventricles

34
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

The arterial pressure during relaxation of the ventricles

35
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Also called ischemic heart disease (IHD); pain on exertion caused by inadequate blood flow to the myocardium from the coronary arteries

36
Q

Aortic stenosis

A

Narrowing of the aorta or its opening

37
Q

Bacterial endocarditis

A

An infection of the lining of the heart most commonly caused by streptococci

38
Q

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

A

Impaired circulation caused by inadequate pumping of a diseased heart resulting in fluid buildup (edema) in the lungs or other tissues

39
Q

Pericarditis

A

Inflammation of the pericardium

40
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Carries blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs to remove carbon dioxide and pick up oxygen and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart

41
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Serves the rest of the body carrying oxygenated blood and nutrients from the left ventricle of the heart to the body cells and returning to the right atrium of the heart with blood that is carrying carbon dioxide and other wats products of metabolism from the cells

42
Q

Arteries

A

Are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

43
Q

Veins

A

Are blood vessels that return blood to the heart

44
Q

Lumen

A

Internal space of a blood vessel through which blood flows

45
Q

Median Cubital Vein

A

Located near the center of the antecubital area, it is the preferred Vein for Venipuncture in the H shaped pattern. Larger and closer to the surface and more stationary than the others making it the easiest and least painful to Puncture and the least likely to bruise

46
Q

Cephalic Vein

A

Located in the lateral aspect of the antecubital area it is the second choice Vein for Venipuncture in the H shaped pattern. It is often harder to palpate than the median cubital but is fairly well anchored and often the only vein that can be palpated (felt) in obese patients

47
Q

Basilic Vein

A

A large vein located on the medial aspect (inner side) of the antecubital area, it is the last choice Vein for Venipuncture in either vein distribution pattern. It is generally easy to palpate but is not as well anchored and rolls more easily, increasing the accidental Puncture of the anterior or posterior branch of the medial cutaneous nerve (a major arm nerve) or brachial artery which both commonly underlie this area. (Punctures are more painful in this area)

48
Q

Plasma

A

The top layer of clear liquid used for testing; also the fluid portion of the blood in the living body

49
Q

Serum

A

Normally clear pale yellow fluid that can be separated from a clotted blood specimen and had the same composition as plasma except it does not contain fibrinogen

50
Q

Buffy coat

A

The layer of WBCs and platelets that forms between the red blood cells and plasma when anticoagulated blood settles or is centrifuged

51
Q

Whole blood

A

Blood that is in the same form as when it circulated in the bloodstream

52
Q

Hemostasis

A

The process by which the body stops the leakage of blood from
The vascular system after injury also known as the coagulation process

53
Q

Coagulation process

A

Same as Hemostasis, but proceeds in 4 stages

54
Q

Primary Hemostasis

A

Consists of the first two stages of the coagulation process which is Vasoconstriction and platelet plug formation

55
Q

Platelet aggregation

A

Platelets sticking to one another

56
Q

Platelet adhesion

A

Platelets adhering (sticking) to an injured area

57
Q

Secondary Hemostasis

A

Stages 3 and 4 of the coagulation process which consist of fibrin Clot formation and fibrinolysis

58
Q

Fibrinolysis

A

Involves the ultimate removal of dissolution of the blood clot once healing has occurred

59
Q

Coagulation cascade

A

Sequential activation of the coagulation factors

60
Q

Intrinsic Pathway

A

Involves activation of coagulation factors circulating within the bloodstream

61
Q

Extrinsic pathway

A

Initiated by the release of thromboplastin (factor 3) from injured tissue

Phlebotomy (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions