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Phlebotomy > Chapter 7 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Antiseptics

A

Substances used for skin cleaning that inhibit the growth of bacteria

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2
Q

Disinfectants

A

Substances or solutions that are used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces and instruments

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3
Q

Sharps container

A

Special puncture resistant, leak proof, disposable container used to dispose of used needles, lancets, and other sharp objects

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4
Q

Tourniquet

A

A device typically a flat strip of stretchable material applied to a limb prior to Venipuncture to restrict venous flow which distends the veins and makes them easier to find and pierce with a needle

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5
Q

Multisample Needle

A

A type of needle that allows multiple tubes to be collected with a single Venipuncture

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6
Q

Hypodermic Needle

A

The type of needle used with the syringe system

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7
Q

Winged Infusion set

A

A 1/2 to 3/4 inch stainless steel needle permanently connected to a 5-12 inch length of tubing with either a luer attachment for Syringe use or Multisample luer adaptor for use with the evacuated tube, also called butterfly needle

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8
Q

Bevel

A

The point of a needle that is cut on a slant for ease of skin entry

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9
Q

Shaft

A

The long cylindrical portion of a needle

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10
Q

Hub

A

The end of a needle that attaches to the blood collection device; also the threaded end of a tube holder where the needle attaches

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11
Q

Lumen

A

Internal space of a blood vessel or tube

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12
Q

Gauge

A

A number that relates to the diameter of the lumen of a needle

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13
Q

Resheathing device

A

Equipment such as shields that cover a needle after use

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14
Q

Evacuated tube system

A

A closed system in which the patients blood flows directly into a collection tube through a needle inserted into a vein

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15
Q

Tube holder

A

A clear plastic disposable cylinder with a small threaded opening at one end where the needle is screwed into it and a large opening at the other end where an ETS collection tube is placed

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16
Q

Evacuated tubes

A

Type of tubes used in blood collection that have a premeasured vacuum and are color coded to denote the additive inside

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17
Q

Vacuum

A

Negative pressure or artificially created absence of air

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18
Q

Short draw

A

An under-filled or partially filled tube

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19
Q

Short draw tubes

A

Tubes designed to partially fill without compromising test results

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20
Q

Additive

A

A substance (other than the tube stopper or coating) such as an anticoagulant, antiglycolytic agent, separator gel, preservative, or clot activator placed within a tube

21
Q

Syringe system

A

A sterile safety needle, a disposable plastic syringe and a syringe transfer device

22
Q

Syringe transfer device

A

A special piece of equipment used to safely transfer blood from a syringe into ETS tubes

23
Q

Barrel

A

Cylindrical body of a syringe with graduated markings in either milliliters (mL) or cubic centimeters (cc)

24
Q

Plunger

A

A rodlike device that fits tightly into the barrel of a syringe and creates vacuum when pulled back in the process of filling the syringe

25
Q

S-Monovette Blood collection system

A

Complete system for blood collection in which the blood collection tube and collection apparatus are combined in a single unit

26
Q

Anticoagulants

A

A substance that prevents blood from clotting

27
Q

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA)

A

An anticoagulant that prevents coagulation by binding or chelating Calcium And is Used for hematology studies because it preserves cell morphology and inhibits platelet clumping

28
Q

Sodium Citrate

A

An anticoagulant that prevents clotting by binding calcium and is used for coagulation tests because it does the best job of preserving the coagulation factors

29
Q

Heparin

A

Anticoagulant that prevents clotting by inhibiting thrombin formation

30
Q

Oxalates

A

Anticoagulants that prevent clotting by precipitating Calcium

31
Q

Thrombin

A

An enzyme that converts fibrinogen into the fibrin necessary for clot formation

32
Q

Potassium oxalate

A

An anticoagulant commonly used with the antiglycolytic agent sodium fluoride

33
Q

ACD - Acid Citrate Dextrose

A

An additive used in the collection of blood specimens for immunohematology tests such as DNA testing and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotyping Used in paternity evaluation and to determine transplant compatibility respectively. Acids Citrate prevents coagulation by binding calcium and dextrose acts as a red blood cell nutrient and preservative by maintaining red cell viability

34
Q

CPD - Citrate Phosphate Dextrose

A

An additive use in collecting units of blood for transfusion. Citrate prevents clotting by chelating Calcium , phosphate stabilizes pH and Dextrose provides cells with energy and helps keep them alive

35
Q

SPS - Sodium Ployanethol Sulfonate

A

An anticoagulant used in blood culture collection that also reduces the action of a protein called complement that destroys bacteria, slows down phagocytosis (ingestion of bacteria by leukocytes) and reduces the activity of certain antibiotics

36
Q

Antiglycolytic agent

A

A substance that prevents glycolysis the breakdown or metabolism of glucose (blood sugar) by blood cells. Most common antiglycolytic agent is Sodium Fluoride

37
Q

Glycolysis

A

Breakdown or metabolism of glucose (blood sugar) by blood cells

38
Q

Sodium Fluoride

A

An additive that preserves glucose and inhibits the growth of bacteria

39
Q

Clot activator

A

A substances that enhances the coagulation process

40
Q

Silica

A

Glass particles used to enhance the coagulation process; clot activator

41
Q

Celite

A

An inert clay that enhances the coagulation process

42
Q

Thixotropic gel

A

An Inert (nonreacting) synthetic gel substance in some ETS tubes (SST, PST, PPT) that prevents blood cells from continuing to metabolize substances in the serum or plasma by forming a physical barrier between the cells and cerium or plasma when the specimen is centrifuged

43
Q

SST

A

Serum separator tubes

44
Q

PST

A

Plasma Separator tubes

45
Q

PPT

A

Plasma preparation tubes

46
Q

Trace-element-free tubes

A

Tubes made of materials that are as free of trace element contamination as possible

47
Q

Order of draw

A

A special sequence of tube collection that is intended to minimize additive carryover or cross contaminating problems

48
Q

Carryover

A

Cross contamination or transfer of additive from one tube to the next

Phlebotomy (18 decks)

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