Chapter 6 - Light Microscopy

Question 1

With chemical reactions, we are doing one of two things. What are they?

Answer 1

1. Building/producing bonds that STORE energy
2. Breaking bonds to RELEASE that stored energy

Question 2

What chemical reactions do glucose and photosynthesis do?

Answer 2

Build

Question 3

What chemical reaction is cellular respiration?

Answer 3

Break apart

Question 4

Differentiate between 2 types of energy.

Answer 4

1. Potential energy - stored in bonds
2. Kinetic energy - energy released from these bonds

Question 5

What type of reaction gives off energy - energy exiting FROM the reaction?

Answer 5

Exergonic reaction

Question 6

What type of reaction is energy going INTO the reaction?

Answer 6

Endergonic reaction

Question 7

All metabolic/chemical reactions require some amount of ________ __________.

Answer 7

Activation energy

Question 8

What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 8

Energy is neither created nor destroyed

Question 9

What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 9

Law of increasing entropy. When we change forms of energy - we do not have 100% conversion rate - we lose available energy as heat

Question 10

What is the measure of disorder called?

Answer 10

Entropy

Question 11

In order for something to be alive it MUST ___

Answer 11

Have order

Question 12

For organisms to maintain order they must ________________

Answer 12

Take in energy

Question 13

What says energy can only be converted from one form to another?

Answer 13

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 14

What says energy conversions are never perfect because some energy will be converted to heat?

Answer 14

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 15

Which Law of Thermodynamics was discovered first?

Answer 15

The Second one

Question 16

All chemical reactions in cells are catalyzed by

Answer 16

Enzymes

Question 17

What is referred to as “energy money?”

Answer 17

ATP

Question 18

Why is ATP referred to as “energy money?”

Answer 18

It’s an exchange.
If we release energy from one reaction - we build ATP - we are storing energy there - then we can SPEND that energy to run an additional reaction

Question 19

What are the HEROES of the Energy Game?

Answer 19

Enzymes

Question 20

Enzymes have what kind of unique structure?

Answer 20

Unique 3-dimensional structure

Question 21

Can enzymes continue to function if they do not maintain their 3-dimensional structure?

Answer 21

NO

Question 22

What are the 2 types of enzyme structure?

Answer 22

1. Active site
2. Allosteric site

Question 23

Enzymes are _____________

Answer 23

Catalysts

Question 24

Why are enzymes important to cells?

Answer 24

They catalyze and speed up chemical reactions

Question 25

Explain how cells control enzymes.

Answer 25

1. You can control it at the DNA level 2. You can control it at the enzyme level by either competition or binding

Question 26

What 3 factors affect enzyme functionality?

Answer 26

1. Temperature 2. pH level - how acidic or alkaline it is 3. Concentration of enzyme

Question 27

All living things share this Energy Molecule.

Answer 27

ATP Adenosine Triphosphate