Chapter 6 Lymphatic and Immune systems Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
Lacteals
A
Structures of lymphatic system that absorb the fats that cannot be transported by the bloodstream
2
Q
Antigen
A
Any substance that the body regards as being foreign
3
Q
Lymphocytes
A
Leukocytes made in bone marrow as stem cells
4
Q
B cells
A
Produce antibodies transform to be plasma cells to produce antibodies
5
Q
T cells
A
Origin Thymus,
6
Q
Cytokines
A
Group of proteins released by T cells
7
Q
Interferons
A
Produced in response to the presence of antigens (type of cytokine)
8
Q
Interleukins
A
Direct B and T cells to divide and proliferate
9
Q
Tonsils
A
3 pairs Nasopharyngeal, palentine, and lingual
10
Q
Adenoids
A
Nasopharngeal tonsils
11
Q
Thymus
A
Lympoid tissue above heart
12
Q
Vermiform Appendix
A
proper name for appendix
13
Q
Spleen
A
Filters microorganisms from blood, Forms lymphocytes and monocytes, hemolytic
14
Q
Pathogens
A
Disease-producing microorganisms
15
Q
Allergens
A
Substances that produce allergic reactions
16
Q
Toxins
A
Poisonous or harmful substances
17
Q
Malignagt cells
A
Potentially life-threatening cancer cells
18
Q
Phagocytes
A
Monocytes, macrophage, dendritic cells
19
Q
Monocytes
A
Leukocytes that provide against many infectious organisms
20
Q
Macrophage
A
Surrounds and kills invading cells and remove dead cells
21
Q
Dendritic cells
A
Patrol body searching for antigens
22
Q
Complement system
A
Group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood
23
Q
immun/o
A
Protected
24
Q
onc/o
A
Tumor
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lymphadenitis
Imflammation of the lymph nodes
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Lymphaden
Lymph node
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Lymphadenopathy
Any disease pretaining to the lymph node/s
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Lymphangioma
Benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels
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Lymphoscinitgraphy
Diagnostic test that is perfomred to detect damage or malformations to lymphatic vessels
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Lymphedema
swelling of tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues
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Bioimpedance spectroscopy
Non invasive method of diagnosing lymphedema
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Localized allergic response
Redness itching, burning where the skin came in contact with the allergen
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Systemic reaction (anaphylaxis)
Severe response to an allergen
34
Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E
Blood test that is sometimes used to determine whether a person is allergic to a particular substance
35
Severe combined immunodeficiency
Inherited condition in which abnormalities in the immune system
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HIV
Damages/kills T cells
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AIDS
Final stage of HIV
38
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Cancer associated with HIV
39
ELISA
Blood test to look for HIV, Lyme disease and other infectious conditions
40
Synthetic Immunoglobulin
Post-exposure
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Synthetic Interferon
Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis, hepatitis C, and some cancers
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Monoclonal Antibodies
Class of antibodies in made in the lab by identical offspring of a clone of specific cells.
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Antiretroviral therapy
Helps control HIV
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Corticosteroid
Synthetic Hormone that resembles cortisol secreted by the adrenal glands
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Cytotoxic drug
Kills cells
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Pathogen
Microorganism that causes disease in humans
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Bacilli
Rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria
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Bacilli
Rod-shaped
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Anthrax
Contagious disease that can be transmitted through livestock
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Rickettsia
Small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites
51
Spirochetes
Long, slender, spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls
52
Shigellosis
Infection caused by bacteria chigella, Diarrhea and fever
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Lyme Disease
Transmitted to humans by the bite of a tick that had contact with a deer infected with spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi
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Staphylo
Clusters or bunches of grapes
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-Cocci
Spherical bacteria
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Staphylococcus Aureus
Infects wounds and causes problems such as toxic shock syndrome and food poising
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Streptococci
Cause strep throat, meningitis, endocarditis, and necrotizing faciitis
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srepto
Twisted chain
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Tinea Pedis
Athletes foot
60
Giardiasis
Diarrheal disease caused by the parasite Giardia
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Toxoplasmosis
Parasite that is most commonly ttransmitted from pets to humans by contact with animal feces
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Trichomoniasis
Sexually transmitted disease caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis
63
Measles
Acute, highly contagious infection that is tranmitted by respitory droplets of the rubeola virus
64
Mumps
Acute viral infection that is characterized by the swelling of the parotid glands
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Rubella (German Measles)
Not as serious as Measles, but can leave brith defects lol
66
Rabies
Acute viral infection that is tranmitted to humans through bite of infected animals
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West Nile Virus
Spread via misquito
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Zika Virus
Spread to humans by misquito, woman to fetus, or through sex
69
Cytomegalovirus
FOund in body fluids causes silent infection
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Varicella
Chicken pox
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Herpes Zoster
Singles
72
Postherpetic Neuralgia
Pain due to herpes zoster
73
Infectious Mononucleosis
Mono caused by epstein-Barr virus
74
Roseola
Sixth disease high fever followed by rash
75
Bacteriastatic
stops or slows growth of bacteria
76
-al
pretaining to
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Angiogenesis
Process through whcih a tumor supports its growth by creating tis own blood supply
78
Antiangiogenesis
disrupts blood supply to the tumor
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Carcinoma
Malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue
80
Carcinoma in situ
malignant tumor in its original position
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Adenocarcinoma
Any one of a large group of carcinoma derived from glandular tissue
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Sarcoma
Malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues
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Lymphoma
Malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues
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Hodgkin's lymphoma
Cancer of the immune system distinguished by the presence of large, cancerous lymphocytes known as Reed-Sternberg cells
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Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
More common, all other lymphomas
86
BRCA1 and BRCA 2 Genes
Abnormal genes that carry higher risk for breast cancer
87
Ductal Carcinoma in situ
Breast cacner in its earliest stages
88
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Starts in milk duct and invades the fatty breast tissue (most common)
89
Inflammatory breast cancer
Rare but aggressive form of breast cancer where it blocks lymphatic vessels in the skin and breast
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Chemoprevention
Use of natural or synthetic substances such as drugs or vitamins to reduce the rist of developing cancer to reduce the chance that cacner will recur
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Antineoplastic
Medication that blcoks the development, growth, or proliferation of malignant cells
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Brachytherapy
Use of radioactive materials in contact with or implanted into the tissue
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Brachy-
Short
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Teletherapy
Radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body
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TOmotherapy
Combination of tomography and radiation therapy to precisely target the tumor being trated
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Tom/o
Slice
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Targeted Therapy
Developing form of anticancer drug therapy that uses drugs to attach specific cancer cells without harming normal cells
98
Adjuvant Therapy
Sometimes used after the primary cancer treatments have been completed to decrease the chance that a cancer will recur
99
Clinical Trials
Incolce testing new and promising cancer treatments that have not yet been FDA approved
