Chapter 6 - ON / AK / MD Flashcards
(20 cards)
Name some acute responses to the cardiovascular System
Increased HR
Increased SV
Increased Q
Increased Systolic BP
Increased Blood flow and vessel diameter
Describe increased heart rate
During exercise, HR quickly increases above resting levels to assist with the greater requirements of the muscles for oxygen to create energy and the associated removal of wastes.
Described blood flow redistribution
During exercise, blood flow is redistributed to the working muscles and away from those areas of the body that are less needed.
What is the optimal body temperature
between 36.5 and 37.5 degrees celsius.
What is thermoregulation
Thermoregulation is the maintenance of body temperature and heat exchange between the body and the environment.
What is vasoconstriction
The process whereby blood vessels narrow or constrict causing a decrease in blood flow
What is vasodilation
The process whereby blood vessels increase their diameter causing an increase in blood flow
What is Hyperthermia
Is a rise in the body’s core temperature above 37.5 - 38.3 degrees celsius.
what is Hypothermia
is a reduced core body temperature below 35 degrees celsius.
what is cardiac cycle
is the movement
of blood through the heart in
one heartbeat. It consists of
alternate systole and diastole of
the atria and the ventricles.
what is systole
is a contraction
of the heart muscle,
specifically the ventricles
what is diastole
is a relaxation
of the heart muscle
what is heart rate (HR)
is the number
of times the heart contracts
or beats per minute (bpm).
what is stroke volume (SV)
is the
amount of blood ejected from
the left ventricle with each
heartbeat (contraction) of
the heart. It is measured in
milliliters per beat (mL/beat)
what is cardiac output (Q)
s the amount
of blood ejected from the left
ventricle of the heart per minute.
It is the product of heart rate (HR)
multiplied by stroke volume (SV),
so Q
.
= HR × SV, and is measured
in litres per minute (L/min).
waht are arteries
are large, thickwalled blood vessels that carry
blood away from the heart.
what are coronary arteries
supply oxygen and nutrients to the cardiac muscle (heart).
what are capiliries
are tiny blood
vessels in the cardiovascular
system between the ends of the
arterioles and the venules. They
are the site for the exchange of
gases between the cells and
the cardiovascular system.
what are veins
are blood vessels that
carry deoxygenated blood
and waste products from the
body’s cells back to the heart.
what is blood pooling
refers to a
collection of blood in the leg
veins when high intensity
activity stops too suddenly.
