Chapter 6 Percpetion

Question 1

Percpetion

Answer 1

the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory information

Question 2

The Cocktail Party Effect

Answer 2

a type of selective listening where we filter out noise and focus on one conversation

Question 3

Inattentional Blindness

Answer 3

the inability to see an object or person in our midst

Question 4

Change Blindness

Answer 4

a form of inattentional blindness where individuals giving directions failed to notice a change in the individual asking for directions

Question 5

Perceptual Illusions

Answer 5

help us understand how perception is organized, the context matters

Question 6

Visual Capture

Answer 6

vision wins when competing with other senses

Question 7

Form Perception

Answer 7

Organization of the visual field into figures that stand out from their ground

Question 8

Grouping

Answer 8

Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Connectedness, Closure (can lead us astray)

Question 9

Depth Perception (Visual Cliff)

Answer 9

Allows us to judge distances

Question 10

Binocular Cues

Answer 10

Things seen using two eyes (Retinal Disparity, Convergence)

Question 11

Retinal Disparity

Answer 11

Images from the two eyes differ

Question 12

Convergence

Answer 12

Two eyes move inward to see near objects, outward to see far objects

Question 13

Monocular Cues

Answer 13

Can be seen using one eye (Relative Size, Interposition, Relative Clarity, Texture Gradient, Relative Height, Relative Motion, Linear Perspective, Light and Shadow, Motion Perception)

Question 14

Relative Size

Answer 14

When two objects are similar size, we perceive that one casts a similar image farther away

Question 15

Interposition

Answer 15

Objects that block other objects are perceived as closer

Question 16

Relative Clarity

Answer 16

We perceive hazy objects to be farther away than those that apear clear

Question 17

Texture Gradient

Answer 17

Indistinct texture signals increasing distance

Question 18

Relative Height

Answer 18

We perceive objects that are higher in our field of vision to be farther away

Question 19

Relative Motion

Answer 19

Objects closer move faster, objects farther move slower

Question 20

Linear Perspective

Answer 20

Parallel lines appear to converge in the distance

Question 21

Light and Shadow

Answer 21

The dimmer objects appears farther, the nearby reflects more light

Question 22

Motion Percpetion

Answer 22

Objects traveling towards us grow in size and those moving away shrinks

Question 23

Phi Phenomenon

Answer 23

When light flash at a certain speed they present the illusions of motion

Question 24

Perceptual Constancy

Answer 24

Perceiving objects as unchanging even though our retinal image changes

Question 25

Size Constancy

Answer 25

Stable size perception amind changing size of stimuli

Question 26

Ames Room

Answer 26

Designed to demonstrate the size-distance illusion

Question 27

Lightness Constancy

Answer 27

The color changes by light but we perceive it to be the same

Question 28

Color Constancy

Answer 28

Perceiving familiar objects as having consistent solor even light changes the image

Question 29

Kant

Answer 29

Knowledge comes from our inborn ways of organizing sensory experiences

Question 30

Locke

Answer 30

We learn to perveive the world through our experiences

Question 31

Restored Vision

Answer 31

Blind adults who regain sight could diferentiate figure and ground but had difficulty distinguishing figures and unable to recognize faces

Question 32

Perceptual Adaptation

Answer 32

Ability to adjust with the goggles

Question 33

Perceptual Set

Answer 33

A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another

Question 34

Psychological Influences on Perception

Answer 34

Selective attention, Gestalt principles, learned shcemas, emotional context, perceptual set

Question 35

Human Factor Psychologist

Answer 35

Design appliances that fit our natural perceptions

Question 36

Extrasensory Perception

Answer 36

Perception without sensory input

Question 37

Parapsychology

Answer 37

The study of paranormal phenomena including ESP and psychokinesis

Question 38

Telepathy

Answer 38

Mind-to-mind communication

Question 39

Clairvoyance

Answer 39

Percpetion of remote events in the present

Question 40

Precognition

Answer 40

Perceiving furture events