Chapter 6: Section 2

Question 1

Reverse Discrimination

Answer 1

Using race or sex to give preferential treatment to some people

Question 2

Equality of Opportunity

Answer 2

Giving people an equal chance to succeed

Question 2

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Answer 2

Said separate public schools are inherently unequal, thus starting racial desegregation

Question 3

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Answer 3

Upheld separate-but-equal facilities for white and black people on railroad cars

Question 4

Dred Scott Case, Scott v. Sanford (1857)

Answer 4

Congress had no authority to ban slavery in a territory. A slave was considered a piece of property.

Question 5

Reed v. Reed (1971)

Answer 5

Gender discrimination violates the equal protection clause of the Constitution.

Question 6

Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)

Answer 6

Found a “right to privacy” in the Constitution that would ban any state law against selling contraceptives.

Question 7

Roe v. Wade (1973)

Answer 7

State laws prohibiting abortion were unconstitutional.

Question 8

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)

Answer 8

In a confused set of rival opinions, the decisive vote was cast by Justice Powell, who said that a quota-like ban on Bakke’s admission was unconstitutional but that “diversity” was a legitimate goal that could be pursued by taking race into account.

Question 9

United States v. Windsor (2013)

Answer 9

Gay couples married in states where same-sex marriage is legal must receive the same federal health, tax, and other benefits that heterosexual married couples receive.