Chapter 6 The Gold Rush

Question 1

Claim:

Answer 1

area a miner said belonged to him or her

Question 2

area a miner said belonged to him or her is a ____

Answer 2

claim

Question 3

Entrepreneur:

Answer 3

A person who sets up a new business

Question 4

A person who sets up a new business is ___

Answer 4

entrepreneur

Question 5

How did the daily lives of Sutter’s workers change after they learned abut the gold?

Answer 5

They stopped working and spent all their time looking for gold. They caught “gold fever.”

Question 6

How did the discovery of gold change California?

Answer 6

The population exploded exponentially, with immigrants from the US and all over the world. Miners took over land that had belonged to others, like Vallejo and Sutter.

Question 7

How did the gold rush affect the economy of California?

Answer 7

Many merchants, or businesses, started to provide goods and services to the miners.

Question 8

How was San Francisco different after the gold rush?

Answer 8

Population grew from 800 to 35,000 in a few years. Growth of businesses, housing, and need for govt law enforcement

Question 9

How was the land and the natural environment affected by the California Gold Rush?

Answer 9

Lots of damage from digging and making dams, killing fish, affecting the flow of rivers, and the most harmful, hydraulic mining

Question 10

How were Indians affected by the gold rush?

Answer 10

They were often forced off their land by miners, and miners also damaged the forests and rivers that they needed for their food supply. So there were often violent conflicts.

Question 11

President ___ announced the discovery of gold.

Answer 11

James K. Polk

Question 12

Shortages of goods and labor cause what condition?

Answer 12

inflation - rise in prices

Question 13

Sharp rise in prices is ___

Answer 13

inflation

Question 14

The ____ was the first African-American newspaper

Answer 14

Mirror of the Times

Question 15

Vigilante:

Answer 15

a person who takes the law into their own hands

Question 16

What business was set up by Levi Strauss?

Answer 16

made jeans for the miners

Question 17

What damage was caused by hydraulic mining?

Answer 17

/ Large amounts of water sent tons of mud into the rivers that fed into San Francisco Bay. The mud stopped ships, caused waterways to flood, damaging nearby farmlands.

Question 18

What shortages existed in the economy of California during the Gold Rush?

Answer 18

They were shortages of labor and basic goods

Question 19

What was the fastest route to California?

Answer 19

Across the isthmus of Panama

Question 20

What was the longest route to California, and how long did it take?

Answer 20

/ Around Cape Horn of South America, 3-8 months

Question 21

What were the disadvantages of traveling across the isthmus of Panama?

Answer 21

/ catching diseases in the hot climate

Question 22

What were the three routes to California?

Answer 22

/ 1) Through the isthmus of Panama 2) Around tip of South America, Cape Horn 3) Overland

Question 23

Who was an African American entrepreneur during the California Gold Rush?

Answer 23

Mifflin Gibbs made money from a shoe store and then a newspaper, and used some of it to buy freedom of some slaves.

Question 24

Whose letters told the truth about miners in California, whether they were getting rich?

Answer 24

Louise Clappe

Question 25

Why could women do well in the California gold rush economy?

Answer 25

There was a shortage of labor, because so many men just wanted to dig for gold, so the women who were willing to do work could earn a lot of money because there were few of them. And, in California, women were allowed to own property so they could make money with businesses like hotels and restaurants.

Question 26

____ was a carpenter hired by John Sutter to build a sawmill in Coloma, where he claimed that he found the first gold nugget.

Answer 26

James Marshall

Question 27

____ traveled to California from {{c2::China}} because {{c3::crops were ruined by floods.}}

Answer 27

Lu Ng

Question 28

____ traveled from {{c2::San Francisco}} to see if the stories of gold were true, and returned with a {{c3::bottle of gold dust}}.

Answer 28

Sam Brannan

Question 29

What was staking a claim, and how was it done?

Answer 29

marking land for gold mining as belonging to oneself. Posts in 4 corners?

Question 30

What was Bennett Riley known for?

Answer 30

military governor in 1847, who called the Monterey Convention

Question 31

Who was Peter Burnett?

Answer 31

First governor of the state of California

Question 32

What was Biddy Mason known for?

Answer 32

African-American entrepreneur, first Black church, used money to free slaves

Question 33

In what year did CA become a state?

Answer 33

1850

Question 34

What number state is CA in the union?

Answer 34

31st

Question 35

Why did miners not pay taxes?

Answer 35

They didn't own the land

Question 36

How did miners not paying taxes affect CA?

Answer 36

Didn't have money for bills, didn't get $ from other states

Question 37

How did the Land Act of 1851 affect rancho owners?

Answer 37

They had to prove they owned the land, which most couldn't do, sometimes because they didn't speak English. Had to sell land to pay lawyers, but often lost their land.

Question 38

The United States took control of CA in ____ and at first governed through _____ ___.

Answer 38

1847; military rule

Question 39

The US military governor of CA was ___ ___.

Answer 39

Bennett Riley

Question 40

Bennett Riley decided to call a ____.

Answer 40

convention - a meeting

Question 41

Bennett Riley called a convention to be held in ____.

Answer 41

Monterey

Question 42

The convention was attended by ____, persons chosen or elected to speak and act for those who elected them.

Answer 42

delegates

Question 43

What was a major issue under US military rule in CA after the Gold Rush?

Answer 43

many people who had come to CA wanted the same rights that they had had as US citizens

Question 44

How many delegates were elected to the convention in Monterey?

Answer 44

48

Question 45

What decisions did the Monterey convention settle?

Answer 45

1) CA should become a state in the US 2) where the eastern border would be 3) whether to be a free or slave state 4) a public school system for education

Question 46

Where did the Monterey convention set the eastern border of CA?

Answer 46

not the whole territory from Mexico, but at the Sierra Nevada and Colorado River

Question 47

What is a constitution?

Answer 47

a plan of government

Question 48

What is a legislature?

Answer 48

group of officials (representatives) elected to make laws

Question 49

The people of CA voted to approve, or ____, the new constitution.

Answer 49

ratify

Question 50

How were the rights of women in the new state of CA different from other US states at the time?

Answer 50

women in CA had the right to own property (which they had had since Mexican rule), which was not true in other US states

Question 51

California elected two ____ to the US Congress

Answer 51

senators

Question 52

The senators from CA asked Congress to make the US a state, but why was this controversial in the US?

Answer 52

because there were exactly the same number of free and slave states, and CA would tip the power to the free states

Question 53

What is a compromise?

Answer 53

an agreement in which both sides give up something they wanted, but come to an agreement

Question 54

What was the Compromise of 1850?

Answer 54

CA joined the US as a free state, but under the Fugitive Slave Act, anyone helping a slave escape would be punished

Question 55

The capital of CA was moved from Monterey to __

Answer 55

San Jose (and then Vallejo, Benicia, and FINALLY Sacramento)

Question 56

Why did CA have trouble having enough money to pay bills?

Answer 56

1) most of the population were miners who did not own land, therefore did not pay property taxes 2) without predictable income from property taxes, banks did not want to lend to CA

Question 57

What was a huge problem regarding land after CA joined the US?

Answer 57

disputes over who owned the land

Question 58

How were disputes over who owned land handled in the Land Act of 1851?

Answer 58

rancheros had to prove they owned land

Question 59

Why was it hard for rancheros to prove they owned the land?

Answer 59

1) most did not speak English, while the US govt officials did not speak Spanish 2) most did not have proof of ownership, because the transfer had happened under Mexican rule, and hand-drawn disenos were incorrect

Question 60

What was the result of the Land Act of 1851 to the rancheros?

Answer 60

they had to sell land to get money to hire lawyers, but ended up losing a lot of their land

Question 61

Where was the Monterey convention held?

Answer 61

Colton Hall