Chapter 6: Vision Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is sensation?
Sensation is the process in which specialized cells of the Nervous System detect environmental stimuli and transduce their energy into receptor potentials.
What is perception?
Perception is the conscious experience and interpretation of information from the senses.
What is hue?
Hue is one of the perceptual dimensions of color; the dominant wavelength. The hues we perceive vary according to the rate of a wavelength’s oscillation.
What is brightness?
Brightness is one of the perceptual dimensions of color; intensity.
What is saturation?
Saturation is one of the perceptual dimensions of color; purity.
What are the three perceptual dimensions of color?
The perceptual dimensions of color are hue, saturation, and brightness.
What is a sensory receptor?
A sensory receptor is a specialized neuron that detects a particular category of physical events.
What is sensory transduction?
Sensory transduction is the process by which sensory stimuli are transduced into slow, graded receptor potentials.
What is a receptor potential?
A receptor potential is a slow, graded electrical potential produced by a receptor cell in response to a physical stimuli,
What is the retina?
The retina is the neural tissue and photoreceptor cells located on the inner surface of the posterior portion of the eyes; part of the Central Nervous System.
What are orbits?
Orbits are bone pockets in front of the skull in which the eyes are suspended.
What is the sclera?
The sclera is the tough, white outer coat of the eye to which six extraocular muscles are attached.
What are extraocular muscles?
Extraocular muscles are muscles around the eye that holds the eyeball in place.
What are conjuntiva?
Conjunctiva are mucous membranes lining the eyelid and attaching toward the back of the eye; prevents our eyeballs from turning around backwards.
What is the cornea?
The cornea is the transparent outer layer of the eye.
What is the pupil?
The pupil is the opening in the iris that controls/regulates the amount of light that enters.
What is the iris?
The iris the the pigmented ring of muscles behind the cornea.
What is a lens?
A lens is a transparent, onion-like layer immediately behind the iris.
What is an accommodation?
An accommodation is a change in the thickness of the lens of the eyes, accomplishes by ciliary muscles, that focuses images of near or distant objects in the retina.
What is a vitreous humor?
A vitreous humor is a clear, gelatinous substance which fills the main part of the eye; light must pass through vitreous humor to get to the retina.
What is a rod?
A rod is one of the photoreceptor cells of the retina; sensitive to light of low intensity.
What is a cone?
A cone is one of the photoreceptor cells of the retina; maximally sensitive to one of three different wavelengths of light and hue - encodes color vision.
What is a photoreceptor cell?
A photoreceptor cell is the collective name for rods and cones; transduces photic energy into electrical potentials.
What is the photoreceptor layer?
The photoreceptor is one of three cellular layers in the retina; the backmost layer.
