chapter 6: visual attention

Question 1

selective attention is broken into what ?

Answer 1

overt and covert attention

Question 2

overt attention

Answer 2

physically looking at something

Question 3

covert attention

Answer 3

focusing on something without moving your eyes

Question 4

vigilance

Answer 4

concentrated attention over long periods of time

Question 5

inattention blindness

Answer 5

failure to perceive non-attended
stimuli

Question 6

dichotic listening

Answer 6

different stimuli are presented to the left and right ears

Question 7

shadowing

Answer 7

repeating message from only one ear, using selective attention

Question 8

cocktail party effect

Answer 8

attention can be focused on one stimulus while ignoring or filtering out other stimuli (noise)

Question 9

broadbents model of attention

Answer 9

attention is a selective which is filtered, only some information is passed through for further processing

Question 10

feature integration theory

Answer 10

in the pre attentive stage features are separated unconsciously, in the focused attention stage features are combined using perception (conscious)

Question 11

saccadic eye movement

Answer 11

scanning, making multiple fixations

Question 12

what are the three parts of the corollary discharge theory ?

Answer 12

motor signal, corollary discharge signal, and image displacement signal

Question 13

motor signal

Answer 13

occurs when a signal to
move the eyes is sent from brain to eye muscles

Question 14

corollary discharge signal

Answer 14

a copy of the motor signal (occurs whenever there is a motor signal)

Question 15

image displacement signal

Answer 15

occurs when an image moves across the retina (eyes sweeping a scene that is stationary, but creating a blurred image by sweeping across retina)

Question 16

who proposed the corollary discharge theory ?

Answer 16

helmholtz

Question 17

what signal does a moving stimulus require ?

Answer 17

corollary discharge signal

Question 18

what signal does a stationary stimulus require ?

Answer 18

image displacement signal, eye is stationary, stimulus is moving

Question 19

salience

Answer 19

things that stand out because of their color, contrast, movement, orientation, or some other cognitive factor

Question 20

scene schemas

Answer 20

based on what we know about how things should be, attention is drawn to the oddball

Question 21

what part of the brain detects oddballs in a scene ?

Answer 21

amygdala

Question 22

prediction error

Answer 22

amygdala activated because of oddball, prediction error processing

Question 23

frontal eye field (FEF)

Answer 23

pre-pre motor area for planning before action, planning where we control eye movement and where we look at something

Question 24

hemispheric differences in the brain

Answer 24

right is faster than the left

Question 25

change blindness

Answer 25

failing to notice changes in the environment even when looking directly at it

Question 26

what side of spatial neglect is more common ?

Answer 26

left visual field