Chapter 7 Flashcards
List the muscles that belong to the superficial back muscle group
- trapezius
- latissumus dorsi
- levator scapulae
- rhomboid minor
- rhomboid major
List the muscles that belong to the deep back muscle group
- erector spinae (spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis)
- splenius (splenius capitis & cervicis)
- semispinalis
- multifidus
- rotatores (rotatores longus & brevis)
- suboccipital muscles (rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior, obliquus capitis superior)
List the actions and innervations of trapezius
- actions: upward rotation, elevation, & depression of scapula
- innervation: CN XI, accessory nerve & ventral rami of C3 & C4
List the actions and innervations of latissimus dorsi
- actions: adduction, extension, medial rotation of arm
- innervation: thoracodorsal nerve
List the actions and innervations of levator scapulae
- actions: elevation of scapula
- innervation: ventral rami of C3 and C4
List the actions and innervations of rhomboid minor and major
- actions: adduction of scapula
- innervation: dorsal scapular nerve
How many muscles are found in erector spinae?
3
What is the function/action of erector spinae?
- function: holds the spine erect by extending the vertebral column
- action: lateral flexion of spine
Where is splenius found?
in the neck
Where is semispinalis found?
the upper half of the vertebral column
How many vertebrae do the following muscles span:
a. Semispinalis
b. Multifidus
c. Rotatores longus
d. Rotatores brevis
- semispinalis: 4-6
- multifidus: 2-4
- rotatores longus: 2
- rotatores brevis: 1
What muscle is named sacrospinalis?
erector spinae
What muscles are included in the transversospinal group?
- semispinalis, multifidus, & rotatores
Where does semispinalis originate from?
- transverse processes of C4-T10
Where does multifidus originate from?
- sacrum
- posterior iliac spine
- common tendinous origin of erector spinae
- mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae
- transverse processes of T1-T3
- articular processes of C4-C7
where does rotatores originate from?
- vertebral transverse processes
Where is the multifidus muscle best developed?
in the lumbar region deep to erector spinae
What are all the muscles that belong to the suboccipital muscles? Make sure to know these names very well.
- rectus capitis posterior major
- rectus capitis posterior minor
- obliquus capitis inferior
- obliquus capitis superior
What is the innervation of the deep back muscles?
segmental from the dorsal rami
What is the action of semispinalis? The rotatores?
- semispinalis: extends & contralaterally rotates the head and vertebral column
- rotatores: stabilises the vertebral column
