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COSC 409 > CHAPTER 7 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 7 Flashcards

1
Q

The impact of a software defect can be quite subtle or very serious. True or False?

A

true

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2
Q

A _________ is any error that, if not removed, could cause a software system to fail to meet its users’ needs.

A

software defect

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3
Q

___________ is the degree to which a software product meets the needs of its users.

A

Software quality

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4
Q

____________ focuses on defining, measuring, and refining the quality of the development process and the products developed during its various stages

A

Quality management

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5
Q

A ________________ is a set of interrelated components—including hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures—that collects and processes data and disseminates the output.

A

business information system

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6
Q

Another type of business information system is the _________ which is used to improve decision making in a variety of industries

A

decision support system (DSS)

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7
Q

The liability of manufacturers, sellers, lessors, and others for injuries caused by defec- tive products is commonly referred to as ____________-

A

product liability

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8
Q

____________ means that the defendant is held responsible for injuring another person, regardless of negligence or inten

A

Strict liability

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9
Q

_____________ is the failure to do what a reasonable person would do, or doing something that a reasonable person would not do

A

Negligence

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10
Q

A _______ assures buyers or lessees that a product meets certain standards of quality.

A

warranty

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11
Q

If the product fails to meet the terms of its warranty, the buyer or lessee can sue for ____________

A

breach of warranty

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12
Q

A type of system used to control many industrial processes in an effort to reduce costs, eliminate human error, improve quality, and shorten the time it takes to make products is called_______________

A

Process control system

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13
Q

There is a federal product liability law governing product liability. True or False?

A

FALSE

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14
Q

A standard, proven work process for the development of high-quality software is called a(n) _____________.

A

Software development methodology

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15
Q

_______________ occurs when a seller or lessor either misrepresents the quality of a product or conceals a defect in it

A

intentional misrepresentation

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16
Q

__________a standard, proven work process that enables systems analysts, programmers, project managers, and others to make controlled and orderly progress in developing high-quality software

A

software development methodology

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17
Q

The cost to identify and remove a defect in an early stage of software development can be up to 100 times less than the cost of removing a defect in an operating piece of software after it has been distributed to many customers. True or False?

A

TRUE

18
Q

___________refers to methods within the development cycle designed to guarantee reliable operation of the product

A

Quality assurance (QA)

19
Q

_____________ reduces the number of software errors that might occur

A

effective methodology

20
Q

___________ is to test the code for a completed unit
of software by actually entering test data and comparing the results to the expected results.

A

DYNAMIC TESTING

21
Q

___________involves viewing the software unit as a device that has expected input and output behaviors but whose internal workings are unknown

A

Black-box testing

22
Q

_______________treats the software unit as a device that has expected input and output behaviors but whose internal workings are known or the tester has thorough knowledge of the logic.

A

White-box testing

23
Q

____________Special software programs called static analyzers are run against the new code. Rather than reviewing input and output, the static analyzer looks for suspicious patterns in programs that might indicate a defect.

A

Static testing

24
Q

After successful unit testing, the software units are combined into an integrated subsystem that undergoes rigorous testing to ensure that the linkages among the various subsystems work successfully.

A

Integration testing

25
Q

______________After successful integration testing, the various subsystems are combined to test the entire system as a complete entity.

A

System testing

26
Q

_____________Independent testing performed by trained end users to ensure that the system operates as they expect.

A

User acceptance testing

27
Q

______________is a process improvement approach that defines the essential elements of effective processes.

A

Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)

28
Q

Special measures must be taken in the development of safety-critical systems. True or False?

A

true

29
Q

A _____________ is one whose failure may cause injury or death

A

safety-critical system

30
Q

_____________ has explicit responsibility for the system’s safety

A

project safety engineer

31
Q

_____________ is used at each stage of the software development process to assess how it has accounted for detected hazards

A

hazard log

32
Q

_____________are held throughout the development pro- cess,

A

Safety reviews

33
Q

________________ system tracks all safety-related documenta- tion to keep it consistent with the associated technical documentation

A

robust configuration management

34
Q

_______________ is the probability of an undesirable event occurring times the magnitude of the event’s consequences if it does happen

A

Risk

35
Q

_____________ is the provision of multiple interchangeable components to perform a single function in order to cope with failures and errors.

A

redundancy

36
Q

________________is a form of redundancy involving the simultaneous execution of a series of program instructions by two different systems

A

N-version programming

37
Q

______________ is the probability of a component or system performing without failure over its product life.

A

Reliability

38
Q

A set of standards requiring organizations to develop formal quality management systems that focus on identifying and meeting the needs, desires, and expectations of their customers
are the __________________ standards.

A

ISO 9000 standards

39
Q

in a lawsuit alleging ______________, responsibility is limited to harmful defects that could have been detected and corrected through “reasonable” software development practices.

A

Negligence

40
Q

A reliability evaluation technique that can determine the effect of system and equipment failure is ______________.

A

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

41
Q

_____________ is an important technique used to develop ISO 9000–compliant quality systems by both evaluating reliability and determining the effects of system and equipment failures

A

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)

COSC 409 (3 decks)

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