Chapter 7

Question 1

What is the name of the synthetic estrogen used from 1940 to 1971 to aid in pregnancy maintenance that resulted in t shaped uterus in female children?

Answer 1

Diethylstilbetrol

Question 2

What is the genetic syndrome characterized by XO combination resulting in female with premature ovarian failure and lack of puberty?

Answer 2

Turners syndrome

Question 3

What is gonadal dysgenesis?

Answer 3

Loss of primordial germ cells in the gonads of an embryo

Question 4

What is adrenarche?

Answer 4

Increase in adrenal gland activity seen at the onset of puberty

Question 5

What malignancy is derived from striated or skeletal muscle?

Answer 5

Rhadomyosarcoma

Question 6

What is it called when someone has both male and female sexual characteristics?

Answer 6

Hermaphrodite

Question 7

What is a pseudohermaphrodite?

Answer 7

An individual with external genitalia of one sex and internal organs of another sex

Question 8

What is it called when start breast development at the onset of puberty?

Answer 8

Thelarche

Question 9

What is precocious puberty?

Answer 9

Early onset of puberty usually before 8 years of age

Question 10

What is the name for the class of tumors that originate in either the egg or the sperm?

Answer 10

Germ cell tumors

Question 11

What is a rokitansky nodule?

Answer 11

A nodule projecting from a thickened cyst wall, usually ovarian in origin

Question 12

What is pheochromocytoma?

Answer 12

Vascular tumor of the adrenal gland

Question 13

What is another name for intersexual genitalia?

Answer 13

Ambiguos genitalia

Question 14

When examining the pelvis of an infant or small child with ultrasound, which transducer is recommended?

Answer 14

Phased array or curvilinear in the range of 4 to 10 MHz

Question 15

Motion reduction on still images while imaging children can be attained by?

Answer 15

Using a higher frame rate

Question 16

Bladder filling for infants can usually be accomplished by bottle feeding for?

Answer 16

30 minutes prior to the sonographic exam

Question 17

A newborn female uterus is typically _________ shaped, while a 3-month-old uterus is usually __________ shaped.

Answer 17

Spade, tube

Question 18

The best method to visualize an adolescent vagina is by?

Answer 18

Trans abdominal sonography

Question 19

Ovarian volume of a female under 5 years old is?

Answer 19

1 cm^3 or less

Question 20

Ovarian cyst measuring over 9 mm in the first year of life are known as?

Answer 20

Macrocyst

Question 21

The most common lower urinary tract tumor discovered in the pediatric community is?

Answer 21

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 22

In the pediatric population, benign lesions of the lower urinary tract such as leiomyoma, fibroma and hemangioma?

Answer 22

Are very uncommon

Question 23

What structure in the female pediatric pelvis is most affected by both malignant and benign tumors?

Answer 23

Vagina

Question 24

An infection that can potentially affect the ovaries, uterus and fallopian tubes and can cause tubo ovarian abscess, endometriosis, salpingitis, oophoritis and or pelvic peritonitis?

Answer 24

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 25

The most common site of pediatric female genitalia tract tumors is the?

Answer 25

Ovary

Question 26

A unilateral tumor that can cause precocious puberty and highly malignant is?

Answer 26

Embryonal carcinoma

Question 27

Characteristics of turners syndrome?

Answer 27

Deficient ovaries, dwarfism, amenorrhea, and webbed neck

Question 28

Ambiguous genitalia in neonates warrants sonography to exclude anomalies associated with?

Answer 28

Gonads, adrenal glands and kidneys

Question 29

What is the most common ultrasound appearance of a rhabdomyosarcoma?

Answer 29

Homogenous with a muscle-like appearance

Question 30

Where are Gartner’s duct cyst located? And what are their characteristics?

Answer 30

Within the vaginal wall, have a simple cystic appearance, and are both single or multiple in number

Question 31

What is hematometrocolpos?

Answer 31

Blood in both the uterus and the vagina

Question 32

What is another method of ultrasound imaging that is close to the vagina and does not require introduction of a transducer into the vagina?

Answer 32

Transperineal

Question 33

In adolescent pelvic sonography, _________ May be required if bladder filling is not achievable by p.o. fluid intake.

Answer 33

Catherization

Question 34

Fluid in the vagina is?

Answer 34

Hydrocolpos

Question 35

Blood in the vagina is?

Answer 35

Hematocolpos

Question 36

Prepubertal female uterine length?

Answer 36

1-3cm

Question 37

What is the most common benign neoplasm?

Answer 37

Gartner duct cyst