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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

the limbs, including the bones of the shoulders, upper extremities, hip, and lower extremities

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2
Q

Axial skeleton

A

central bony structure of the body

consists of the bones of the head, associated bones of the head and neck, the chest and the spine

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3
Q

Bones

A

framework of which the body is built

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4
Q

Musculoskeletal system

A

the combined systems of the muscles and bones

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5
Q

Skeletal system

A

body system that consists of all of the bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints in the body

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6
Q

Skeleton

A

bony framework of the body that consists of 206 bones

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7
Q

Coronal suture

A

immovable joint on top of the cranium, extending from one side to the other, where the frontal bone and the parietal bones meet

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8
Q

Cranium

A

dome-like bone at the top of the skull that contains the cranial cavity with the brain and other structures

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9
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

bone that forms the posterior nasal septum and the medial walls of the eye sockets

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10
Q

Fontanel

A

“soft spot” on a baby’s head where the cranial sutures are still open and there is only fibrous connective tissue

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11
Q

Foramen magnum

A

large hole in the occipital bone

spinal cord goes through it to join the brain

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12
Q

Frontal bone

A

bone that forms the forehead and top of the cranium and ends at the coronal suture

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13
Q

Occipital bone

A

bone that forms the posterior base of the cranium

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14
Q

Parietal bones

A

bones that form the superior and posterior part of the cranium

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15
Q

Sagittal suture

A

immovable joint from the top center to the back of the cranium between the two parietal bones

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15
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

large, irregularly shaped bone that forms the central base and sides of the cranium and the posterior walls of the eye sockets

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16
Q

Skull

A

bony structure of the head that includes the cranium and facial bones

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17
Q

Suture

A

type of joint where one cranial bone meets another

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18
Q

Temporal bones

A

bones that form the inferior sides of the cranium

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19
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

A

facial bones that project inwardly from the side of the nasal cavity

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20
Q

Lacrimal bones

A

facial bones within the eye socket

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21
Q

Mandible

A

facial bone that is the upper jaw bone

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22
Q

Maxilla

A

facial bone that is the upper jaw bone

consists of two maxillary bones

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23
Q

Nasal bone

A

facial bones that form the bridge of the nose and the roof of the nasal cavity

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24
Q

Palatine bones

A

facial bones that are small and flat and join in the midline to form the hard palate in the oral cavity

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25
Q

Vomer

A

facial bone that is the most inferior part of the nasal septum and continues posteriorly to join the sphenoid bone

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26
Q

Zygoma

A

facial bone that is a cheekbone and goes to the edge of the eye socket

aka zygomatic bone

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27
Q

Hyoid bone

A

flat u-shaped bone in the anterior neck

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28
Q

Ossicles

A

three tiny bones in the middle ear cavity that function in the process of hearing

malleus, incus, stapes

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29
Q

Costal cartilage

A

firm, but flexible connective tissue that joins the ribs to the sternum at the costochondral joint

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30
Q

Ribs

A

twelve pairs of bones that form the sides of the rib cage

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31
Q

Intercostal space

A

area between two ribs

32
Q

Sternum

A

verticle bone in the center of the anterior rib cage

33
Q

Manubrium

A

triangular shaped, superior part of the sternum

34
Q

Xiphoid process

A

inferior tip of the sternum

35
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

area within the rib cage that contains the heart, lungs, and other structures

36
Q

Thorax

A

area between the neck and the diaphragm

37
Q

Cervical vertebrea

A

Vertebrae C1-C7 of the vertebral column of the neck

C1 is Atlas, C2 is Axis

38
Q

Coccyx

A

group of several small, fused vertebra inferior to the sacrum

aka tailbone

39
Q

Foramen

A

hole/opening in a bone

40
Q

Intervertebral disk

A

disk between two vertebrae

41
Q

Lumbar vertebrae

A

vertebrae L1-L5 of the vertebral column in the lower back

42
Q

Sacrum

A

group of five fused vertebrae inferior to the lumbar vertebrae

43
Q

Spine

A

body column of vertebrae that supports the weight of the head, neck, and trunk of the body

44
Q

Thoracic vertebrae

A

vertebrae T1-T12 of the vertebral column in the area of the chest

45
Q

Vertebrae

A

bony structure in the spine

46
Q

Clavicle

A

thin, rod like bone on each side of the anterior neck

47
Q

Glenoid fossa

A

shallow depression in the scapular where the head of the humerus joins the scapula to make the shoulder joint

48
Q

Scapula

A

triangular shaped bone in the upper back on each side of the spine

49
Q

Carpal bones

A

the eight small of the wrist joint

50
Q

Humerus

A

long bone of the upper arm

51
Q

Metacarpal bones

A

the five bones of the hand, one corresponding to each finger

52
Q

Phalanx

A

each of the individual bones of a finger

53
Q

Radius

A

forearm bone located along the thumb side of the lower arm

proximal end connects to the humerus
distal end connects to the carpal bones

54
Q

Ulna

A

forearm bone located along the litter finder side of the lower arm

proximal end connects to the humerus

55
Q

Acetabulum

A

cup shaped, deep socket of the hip joint that is made up of the bones of the ilium, ischium, and pubis

56
Q

Ilium

A

most superior hip bone

57
Q

Ischium

A

most inferior hip bone

58
Q

Pelvis

A

the hip bones as well as the sacrum and coccyx of the vertebral column

59
Q

Pubis

A

small bridge like bone that is the most anterior hip bone

60
Q

Calcaneus

A

largest of the ankle bones

61
Q

Femur

A

long, weight bearing bone of the upper leg

62
Q

Fibula

A

thin bone on the lateral side of the lower leg

proximal end connects to the tibia

63
Q

Hallux

A

big toe

64
Q

Malleolus

A

bony projection of the distal tibia of the distal fibula

65
Q

Metatarsal bones

A

the five bones of the midfoot, one corresponding to each toe

connect ankle bones to the phalanges

66
Q

Patella

A

thick, round bone anterior to the knee joint

67
Q

Phalanx

A

each of the individual bones of a toe

68
Q

Tarsal bones

A

the seven bones on of the ankle joint

69
Q

Tibia

A

long, weight bearing bone on the medial side of the lower leg

proximal end connects to the femur

70
Q

Cancellous bone

A

spongy bone in the epiphyses of long bones

spaces are filled with red bone marrow that produces stem cells that mature to become all types of blood cells

71
Q

Cortical bone

A

dense, compact, weight bearing bone inside the shaft of a long bone

72
Q

Diaphysis

A

the straight shaft of a long bone, such as the humerus or femur

73
Q

Epiphysis

A

widened ends of a long bone that contain cancellous bone filled with red bone marrow

74
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

where bone growth takes place

75
Q

Medullary cavity

A

cavity within the shaft of a long bone

contains yellow bone marrow

76
Q

Osseous tissue

A

bone, a type of connective tissue

77
Q

Periosteum

A

thick, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a bone

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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