Chapter 7

Question 1

This is the smallest unit of life and was discovered by Robert Hooke when he looked at cork under the microscope.

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

Who discovered cells when he looked at cork under the microscope.

Answer 2

Robert Hooke

Question 3

This states that all living things have cells, cells are the basic function of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells

Answer 3

Cell Theory

Question 4

Type of cells that do not have a nucleus. An example is bacteria.

Answer 4

prokaryotes

Question 5

This is the area in the prokaryote where the DNA is found

Answer 5

nucleoid

Question 6

Large cells that have a nucleus. All of our cells are these:

Answer 6

eukaryotes

Question 7

This can magnify an object 100,000’s of times its original size

Answer 7

electron microscope

Question 8

This can magnify on object 100-1,000 times its original size

Answer 8

compound light microscope

Question 9

All the structures in a cell that have a function. Examples: mitochondria, ribosome, lysosmes

Answer 9

organelles

Question 10

The fluid portion of the cell

Answer 10

cytoplasm

Question 11

The brain of the cell. Has all the DNA

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

The outer layer of the nucleus

Answer 12

Nuclear Envelope

Question 13

Inside of nucleus that makes the ribosomes

Answer 13

Nucleolus

Question 14

The genetic material

Answer 14

DNA

Question 15

The barrier for all cells. Controls what goes in and out.

Answer 15

Cell membrane

Question 16

The cell membrane is made up of 2 parts called this

Answer 16

phospholipid bilayer

Question 17

This is used for transport and has ribosomes on it

Answer 17

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 18

This is used for transport and does not have ribosomes on it

Answer 18

Smoother Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 19

This is responsible for making proteins in the cell.

Answer 19

Ribosomes

Question 20

This organelle packages substances in the cell

Answer 20

Golgi Apparatus

Question 21

This organelle has digestive enzymes that break down old organelles and food

Answer 21

lysosomes

Question 22

This is the power house of the cell. It takes food and turns it into energy (ATP)

Answer 22

mitochondria

Question 23

This is a compartment that can hold or store things.

Answer 23

vacuole

Question 24

This is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane in plants

Answer 24

cell wall

Question 25

This is found in plants and is responsible for photosynthesis

Answer 25

chloroplasts

Question 26

These are in animal cells and help the cell divide.

Answer 26

centrioles

Question 27

These are made of microtubules and filaments and give support to the cell (think about the bones in your body)

Answer 27

cytoskeleton

Question 28

Hair like structure used for movement

Answer 28

Cilia

Question 29

Tail like structure used for movement

Answer 29

flagella

Question 30

The amount of solute in a solution

Answer 30

concentration

Question 31

The substance you put in a solution. Example: sugar, salt

Answer 31

solute

Question 32

Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration

Answer 32

diffusion

Question 33

Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration but passing though a membrane

Answer 33

passive transport

Question 34

When particles are spread out and moving evenly through out it is called

Answer 34

equilibrium

Question 35

Particles go from high to low concentration with the help of a protein channel

Answer 35

facilitated diffusion

Question 36

Movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane

Answer 36

osmosis

Question 37

A membrane that only allows certain things to pass

Answer 37

semi-permeable membrane

Question 38

A solution that has a very high concentration compared to another solution

Answer 38

hypertonic

Question 39

A solution that has a very low concentration compared to another solution

Answer 39

hypotonic

Question 40

When two solutions are equal in concentrations

Answer 40

isotonic

Question 41

Movement of particles from low to high concentration. Goes AGAINST the concentration gradient and requires energy.

Answer 41

Active transport

Question 42

The process in which cells take things into it.

Answer 42

endocytosis

Question 43

The process in which cells push or have things leave it.

Answer 43

exocytosis

Question 44

The process in which plants take sunlight and turn it into food

Answer 44

photosynthesis

Question 45

The differences in the amount of solute in a given area.

Answer 45

Concentration gradient