Chapter 2 Sections 3 and 4

Question 1

Any compound that is carbon based is referred to as an

Answer 1

organic compound

Question 2

The name given to molecules that are very LARGE

Answer 2

macromolecules

Question 3

These are the most common elements found in living things

Answer 3

Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen/Nitrogen

Question 4

This is the basic word for building blocks. Examples are monosaccharides, and amino acids

Answer 4

monomer

Question 5

Many monomers joined together will form this

Answer 5

polymer

Question 6

This macromolecule gives us energy. Simple sugars and starches are examples.

Answer 6

carbohydrates

Question 7

This is the building block for carbohydrates. An example is glucose.

Answer 7

monosccharides

Question 8

This is two monosaccharides joined together. An example is lactose.

Answer 8

disaccharide

Question 9

More than two monosaccharides will create a __________________. An example is starch. It gives us slow releasing energy.

Answer 9

polysaccharide

Question 10

Glucose is an example of this which will give us immediate energy.

Answer 10

simple sugars

Question 11

This is an example of a simple sugar.

Answer 11

glucose

Question 12

Fruits, Candy, and Things that are sweet are

Answer 12

foods with simple sugars

Question 13

A complex carb is also known as this _______________. We can find it in foods like potatoes and pasta.

Answer 13

starch

Question 14

potatoes, pasta, squash, grains are …..

Answer 14

foods with starches

Question 15

This group of macromolecules give us stored energy and insulation.

Answer 15

lipids

Question 16

A lipid is made up of a glycerol and three fatty acids. This lipid is called a

Answer 16

triglyceride

Question 17

Part of a lipid. All single bonds, solid at room temperature. Can clog arteries

Answer 17

Saturated Fatty Acid

Question 18

Part of a lipid. Has double bonds. Liquid at room temperature.

Answer 18

Unsaturated fatty acid.

Question 19

Bacon, Burgers, Nuts all contains protein but are also

Answer 19

foods that have lipids

Question 20

This is the macromolecule that contains the genetic information. Examples are DNA and RNA

Answer 20

nucleic acids

Question 21

DNA and RNA are

Answer 21

examples of nucleic acids

Question 22

The building blocks for nucleic acids are called _____________________. There is a phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base

Answer 22

nucleotide.

Question 23

This macromolecule is responsible for growth and repair. It is made of amino acids.

Answer 23

proteins

Question 24

The monomers (building blocks) of proteins

Answer 24

amino acids

Question 25

Chicken, Beef, Pork are

Answer 25

foods that have protein

Question 26

This is the energy required to start a reactions is called the

Answer 26

activation energy

Question 27

Anything that will speed up a chemical reactions is called a

Answer 27

catalyst

Question 28

In the equation: 2H + 2OH --> 2(H20) What does 2H + 2OH represent?

Answer 28

reactants

Question 29

In the equation: 2H + 2OH --> 2(H20) What does 2(H20) represent?

Answer 29

products

Question 30

This is a type of protein that speeds up reactions. It is an example of a catalyst

Answer 30

enzyme

Question 31

This is something that attaches to an enzyme and will react.

Answer 31

substrate

Question 32

Carbohydrates will always have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in this ratio.

Answer 32

1:2:1

Question 33

This is what determines an enzyme function. If it is changed the enzyme might not work.

Answer 33

enzyme shape

Question 34

This is a surgically create hole created in the rumen (stomach) of a cow to study the bacteria and to help sick cows.

Answer 34

fistula

Question 35

This is a test for simple sugars. Will change from blue to reddish brown when heated.

Answer 35

benedict test

Question 36

This is a test for starches. Will leave a dark spot when there are starches

Answer 36

Iodine test

Question 37

This is a test for proteins. When there are proteins the liquid will change from blue to violet.

Answer 37

Biuret Test

Question 38

two hydrogen, one oxygen, polar, universal solvent

Answer 38

water molecule

Question 39

A solution with excess H+ ions. pH below 7. Sour taste

Answer 39

acids

Question 40

A solution with excess -OH ions. pH above 7. Bitter taste. Slippery

Answer 40

bases

Question 41

Acid + Base --> Water + Salt

Answer 41

Neutralization

Question 42

When water sticks to a different substance.

Answer 42

Adhesion

Question 43

When water sticks to itself

Answer 43

cohesion

Question 44

This tells you how many protons in an atom.

Answer 44

Atomic Number

Question 45

This is the sum of protons plus neutrons.

Answer 45

Mass number