Chapter 7

Question 1

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 1

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Question 2

True or False: Cellular respiration occurs only in the presence of oxygen.

Answer 2

False.

Question 3

What are the three main stages of cellular respiration?

Answer 3

Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Glycolysis occurs in the __________ of the cell.

Answer 4

cytoplasm.

Question 5

Which molecule is the primary energy carrier produced during cellular respiration?

Answer 5

ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Question 6

What is the main purpose of the Krebs cycle?

Answer 6

To produce electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) for the electron transport chain.

Question 7

What is the net gain of ATP molecules from glycolysis?

Answer 7

2 ATP molecules.

Question 8

True or False: The electron transport chain takes place in the mitochondria.

Answer 8

True.

Question 9

What are the byproducts of aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide and water.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of __________.

Answer 10

oxygen.

Question 11

What is produced during anaerobic respiration in yeast cells?

Answer 11

Ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Question 12

What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

Answer 12

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 13

Which process is responsible for the majority of ATP production in cellular respiration?

Answer 13

The electron transport chain.

Question 14

True or False: Lactic acid is a product of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells.

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

What is the function of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?

Answer 15

They carry electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The energy released during cellular respiration is stored in the form of __________.

Answer 16

ATP.

Question 17

What are the two types of fermentation?

Answer 17

Alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

Question 18

True or False: Cellular respiration is an anabolic process.

Answer 18

False; it is a catabolic process.

Question 19

What is the total ATP yield from one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration?

Answer 19

Approximately 36 to 38 ATP molecules.

Question 20

What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 20

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.

Question 21

During which stage of cellular respiration is glucose broken down into pyruvate?

Answer 21

Glycolysis.

Question 22

What is the primary purpose of the electron transport chain?

Answer 22

To generate a proton gradient for ATP synthesis.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The Krebs cycle occurs in the __________ of the mitochondria.

Answer 23

matrix.

Question 24

What is the effect of insufficient oxygen on cellular respiration?

Answer 24

It leads to anaerobic respiration and less ATP production.

Question 25

True or False: The process of cellular respiration is essential for all living organisms.

Answer 25

True.

Question 26

What is the significance of the proton gradient created during the electron transport chain?

Answer 26

It is used to drive the synthesis of ATP through chemiosmosis.

Question 27

What role do enzymes play in cellular respiration?

Answer 27

Enzymes catalyze the reactions involved in cellular respiration.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is __________.

Answer 28

oxygen.

Question 29

What is the primary substrate used in cellular respiration?

Answer 29

Glucose.

Question 30

What happens to the carbon atoms in glucose during cellular respiration?

Answer 30

They are released as carbon dioxide.

Question 31

What is substrate-level phosphorylation?

Answer 31

It is the direct synthesis of ATP from ADP during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.

Question 32

True or False: All ATP produced during cellular respiration is generated through oxidative phosphorylation.

Answer 32

False; some ATP is produced through substrate-level phosphorylation.

Question 33

What is the role of coenzymes in cellular respiration?

Answer 33

Coenzymes assist enzymes in transferring electrons during metabolic reactions.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: Cellular respiration is vital for __________ production in cells.

Answer 34

energy.

Question 35

What are the end products of the Krebs cycle?

Answer 35

NADH, FADH2, ATP, and carbon dioxide.

Question 36

Which type of respiration is more efficient in terms of ATP yield?

Answer 36

Aerobic respiration.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The process of breaking down glucose to extract energy is known as __________.

Answer 37

catabolism.