Chapter 7

Question 0

Biological Rhythms

Answer 0

Periodic psychological fluctuations

Question 1

Consciousness

Answer 1

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment

Question 2

Circadian Rhythm

Answer 2

The biological clock; regularly body rhythms that occur on a 24 hour cycle (jet lag may disrupt this)

Question 3

REM Sleep

Answer 3

Rapid Eye Movement sleep, a recurring stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur (AKA paradoxical sleep)

Question 4

Alpha Waves

Answer 4

The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

Question 5

Sleep

Answer 5

Periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness

Question 6

Hallucinations

Answer 6

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

Question 7

Delta Waves

Answer 7

The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

Question 8

Insomnia

Answer 8

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

Question 9

Narcolepsy

Answer 9

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks (may lapse directly into REM sleep)

Question 10

Sleep Apnea

Answer 10

A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep

Question 11

Night Terrors

Answer 11

A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified (Occur during Stage 4 Sleep)

Question 12

Dream

Answer 12

A sequence of images, emotions and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind

Question 13

Manifest Content

Answer 13

The remembered storyline of a dream

Question 14

Latent Content

Answer 14

The underlying meaning of a dream

Question 15

Information Processing

Answer 15

Dreams may help sift and sort your day’s problems

Question 16

Activation Sythesis

Answer 16

Suggests that the brain engages in a lot of random neural activity (dreams make sense of this activity)

Question 17

Cognitive Development

Answer 17

Some researchers argue that we dream as a part of the brain maturation and cognitive development

Question 18

REM Rebound

Answer 18

The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep)

Question 19

Hypnosis

Answer 19

A social interaction in which one person suggests to another person that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts or behaviors will spontaneously occur

Question 20

Posthypnotic Suggestion

Answer 20

A suggestion made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no long hypnotized

Question 21

Dissociation

Answer 21

A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

Question 22

Psychoactive Drug

Answer 22

A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Question 23

Tolerance

Answer 23

The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect

Question 24

Withdrawl

Answer 24

The dido fort taped distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug

Question 25

Physical Dependence

Answer 25

A psychological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued

Question 26

Psychological Dependence

Answer 26

A psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions

Question 27

Addiction

Answer 27

Compulsive drug craving and use

Question 28

Depressants

Answer 28

Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Question 29

Barbiturates

Answer 29

Drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

Question 30

Opiates

Answer 30

Opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroine; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Question 31

Stimulants

Answer 31

Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine and the mor powerful amphetamines cocaine and ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions

Question 32

Amphetamines

Answer 32

Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Question 33

Methamphetamines

Answer 33

A powerful, addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system,mouth speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; overtime, appears to reduce baseline dopamine

Question 34

Ecstasy (MDMA)

Answer 34

A synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and long-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition

Question 35

Hallucinogens

Answer 35

Psychedelic (mind-manifesting) drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Question 36

LSD

Answer 36

A powerful hallucinogen drug; also known as acid

Question 37

THC

Answer 37

The major active ingredient in marijuana, triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations

Question 38

Near-Death Experience

Answer 38

An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest) often similar to drug-induces hallucinations

Question 39

Dualism

Answer 39

The presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact

Question 40

Monism

Answer 40

The presumption that mind and body are separate aspects of the same thing