Chapter 7

Question 1

List the 8 herpes simplex viruses and their common names.

Answer 1

1- Herpes Labialis 2- Genital herpes 3- Varicella-zoster 4- Epstein-Barr virus 5- Cytomegalovirus 6- HHV-6 7- HHV-7 8- Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 2

For HSV-1, what is the type of clinical presentation you will see in younger patients vs 18+?

Answer 2

Younger patients will have the gingivostomatits, 18+ will present with pharyngotonsillitis.

Question 3

What is the most common site of latency for the HSV-1 virus?

Answer 3

Trigeminal ganglion.

Question 4

What is the most common site for reactivation of the HSV-1 virus?

Answer 4

Vermilion border.

Question 5

Where will the intraoral lesions occur of recurrent herpes simplex virus?

Answer 5

Almost always on the keratinized bound mucosa.

Question 6

What is the name for primary infection of HSV-1?

Answer 6

Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis.

Question 7

What type of tissues can be affect with the primary infection oh HSV-1?

Answer 7

Both attached and movable.

Question 8

What is the HSV-1 infection of thumb and fingers called?

Answer 8

Herpetic whitlow.

Question 9

What is the HSV-1 infection found in wrestlers and rugby players?

Answer 9

herpes gladiatorum

Question 10

What is the HSV-1 infection that spread through the facial beard region?

Answer 10

Herpes barbae

Question 11

What are the histopathological features of HSV?

Answer 11

Multinucleation, ballooning degeneration, and Tzank cells.

Question 12

What is the reoccurrence of HSV-3 called?

Answer 12

Herpes zoster or shingles.

Question 13

Where is the latency location for HSV-3?

Answer 13

Dorsal root ganglion

Question 14

What is one of the greatest concerns with HSV on the facial region?

Answer 14

If the tip of the nose is involved, it is a sign that ocular involvement may occur and could lead to blindness or death.

Question 15

What is Ramsay Hunt Syndrome?

Answer 15

Syndrome associated with HSV-3 that involves the ipsilateral face leading to facial paralysis, hearing deficits, and vertigo.

Question 16

What is the most common disease resulting from infection with HHV-4?

Answer 16

Infectious mononucleosis.

Question 17

What are the oral lesions that demonstrate EBV?

Answer 17

Oral hairy leukoplakia, lymphoma disorders, nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Question 18

What is the diagnosis of EBV?

Answer 18

Presence of Paul-Bunnell heterophil antibodies

Question 19

What is the classic prodrome of EBV?

Answer 19

Fatigue, malaise, and anorexia.

Question 20

Where is the common site that HHV-5 virus will reside?

Answer 20

Will most likely reside in the salivary glands, endothelium, and lymphocytes.

Question 21

CMV is common in what type of patient?

Answer 21

AIDS patients.

Question 22

What are the three classifications of the Enterovirus?

Answer 22

Echovirus, Coxsackievirus, and Poliovirus.

Question 23

What are the three Enteroviruses important to oral health care providers and what are they caused by?

Answer 23

Herpangina, Hand-Foot-and-Mouth disease, and acute lymphonodular pharyngitis. All three are caused by the Coxsackievirus.

Question 24

What is the clinical presentation of Herpangina?

Answer 24

Skin rash and 2-6 oral lesions in the posterior mouth. (Note that it presents in similar fashion as acute lymphonodular pharyngitis)

Question 25

What is the clinical manifestation of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth disease?

Answer 25

Oral lesions as well as lesions on the hands and feet associated with flu-like symptoms.

Question 26

What causes the Rubeola virus and what is the common name?

Answer 26

Paramyxovirus and common name is measles.

Question 27

Explain 9 day measles.

Answer 27

3 stages each lasting 3 days. Stage 1: (3 Cs) Coryza, Cough, Conjunctivitis and also the Koplik’s spots. Stage 2: Fever continues, Koplik’s spots fade, maculopapular and erythematous rash begins. Stage 3: Fever ends, rash fades and s replaced by brown pigmentary staining.

Question 28

What is the common name for Rubella and what virus causes the infection?

Answer 28

German measles caused by togavirus.

Question 29

What is the greatest importance with the Rubella infection?

Answer 29

capacity to induce birth defects.

Question 30

What is the triad of Rubella?

Answer 30

Deafness, Heart disease, and cataracts.

Question 31

How long does the Rubella virus typically last?

Answer 31

3 days.

Question 32

Mumps is known as a disease of what?

Answer 32

Disease of exocrine glands, often the salivary glands.

Question 33

What is a common occurrence with males infected with mumps?

Answer 33

Postpubertal males experience epididymorchitis.

Question 34

What percent of women infected with mumps will experience first trimester abortion?

Answer 34

25%.

Question 35

Where is the HIV/AIDS virus found?

Answer 35

Bodily fluids.

Question 36

What is the target of HIV/AIDS?

Answer 36

CD4 helper T lymphocyte.

Question 37

What are the oral manifestations strongly associated with HIV infection? (Hint, 5 of them)

Answer 37

Candidiasis, Hairy leukoplakia (bilateral- EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma(HHV-8), Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma, and periodontal disease.

Question 38

What is the course of treatment for HIV/AIDS patients presenting with candidiasis?

Answer 38

Topical clotrimazole.

Question 39

What is Kaposi’s sarcoma?

Answer 39

A multifocal neoplasm of vascular endothelial origin caused by HHV-8.

Question 40

What are the tissues most commonly affect by HHV-8?

Answer 40

Hard palate, gingiva, and tongue.

Question 41

What are the three atypical patterns of periodontal disease associated with HIV/AIDS?

Answer 41

Linear gingival erythema, NUG, and NUP.

Question 42

What is the risk of seroconversion after exposure to HIV?

Answer 42

Puercutaneous exposure is 0.3%, mucous membrane exposure is 0.09%, and non-intact skin exposure is lower than 0.09%.