Chapter 7

Question 1

Memory illusion

Answer 1

False but subjectively compelling memory

Question 2

Iconic memory

Answer 2

Visual sensory memory

Question 3

Echoic memory

Answer 3

Auditory memory

Question 4

Decay

Answer 4

Fading of information from memory over time

Question 5

Retroactive interference

Answer 5

Interference with retention of old information due to acquisition of new information

Question 6

Proactive interference

Answer 6

Interference with acquisition of new information due to previous learning of information

Question 7

Chunking

Answer 7

Organizing information into meaningful groupings, allowing us to extend the span of short term memory

Question 8

Maintenance Rehearsal

Answer 8

Repeating stimuli in their original form to retain them in short term memory

Question 9

Elaborative Rehearsal

Answer 9

Linking stimuli to each other in a meaningful way to improve retention of information in short term memory

Question 10

Levels of processing

Answer 10

Depth of transforming information which influences how easily we remember it

Question 11

Primacy effect

Answer 11

Tendency to remember words at the beginning of a list especially well

Question 12

Recency effect

Answer 12

Tendency to remember words at the end of a list especially well

Question 13

Permastore

Answer 13

Type of long term memory that appears to be permanent

Question 14

Semantic memory

Answer 14

Our knowledge of facts about the world

Question 15

Episodic memory

Answer 15

Recollection of events in our lives

Question 16

Explicit vs implicit memory

Answer 16

Explicit- memories we recall intentionally and of which we have conscious awareness
Implicit- memories we don’t deliberately remember or reflect on consciously

Question 17

Priming

Answer 17

Our ability to identify a stimulus more easily or more quickly after we’ve encountered similar stimuli

Question 18

Procedural memory

Answer 18

Memory for how to do things, including motor skills and habits

Question 19

Encoding

Answer 19

Process of getting information into our memory banks

Question 20

Storage

Answer 20

Process of keeping information in memory

Question 21

State-dependent learning

Answer 21

Superior retrieval of memories when the organism is in the same physiological or psychological state as it was during encoding

Question 22

Context dependent learning

Answer 22

Superior retrieval of memories when the external context of the original memories matches the retrieval context

Question 23

Mnemonic

Answer 23

A learning aid, strategy, or device that enhances recall

Question 24

Pegword method

Answer 24

Uses rhyming

Question 25

Method of Ioci

Answer 25

Place memory

Question 26

Keyword method

Answer 26

Language, learning, reminder words

Question 27

Recall

Answer 27

Generating previously remembered information

Question 28

Recognition

Answer 28

Selecting previously remembered information from array of options

Question 29

Retrograde amnesia

Answer 29

Loss of memories from our past

Question 30

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 30

Inability to encode new memories from our experiences

Question 31

Meta-memory

Answer 31

Knowledge about our own memory abilities and limitations

Question 32

Cryptomnesia

Answer 32

Failure to recognize that our ideas originated with someone else

Question 33

Flashbulb memory

Answer 33

Emotional memory that is extraordinarily vivid and detailed

Question 34

Source monitoring confusion

Answer 34

Lack of clarity about the origin of a memory

Question 35

Misinformation effect

Answer 35

Creation of fictitious memories by providing misleading information about an event after it takes place