Chapter 7 Flashcards
Annalise is an adult who requires predictability and regularity in all aspects of her life. She eats the same breakfast every day, organizes her clothes by color in her closet, and gets distressed when the milk is put on the wrong shelf in the refrigerator. Annalise appears to be fixated at the _____ stage.
a. sensorimotor
b. oral
c. anal
d. phallic
c. anal
The connection between one person and another, measured by how they respond to each other, is called
a. pair-bonding
b. attachment
c. unionization
d. synchrony
b. attachment
Emotional reactions, especially those connected to separation anxiety, are partially dependent upon:
a. self-recognition
b. self-control
c. memory
d. embarrassment
c. memory
According to cognitive theory, infants use their early relationships to develop a set of assumptions that become a frame of reference that may be used later in life. Such a set of assumptions is called a _____.
a. referential hypothesis
b. working model
c. schematic plan
d. work-in-progress
b. working model
Another term for self rule is:
a. governed
b. synchrony
c. autonomy
d. controlled
c. autonomy
Based on the experience of the Romanian children who were institutionalized during the late twentieth century, what might be concluded about attachment?
a. A person’s attachment style starts to be set by about 6 months of age.
b. There is no sensitive period for attachment.
c. No matter how impoverished an infant’s emotional environment, self-righting will protect the child from permanent psychological damage.
d. As long as children are adopted by 6 years of age, they can overcome any emotional disability that had developed prior to that.
a. A person’s attachment style starts to be set by about 6 months of age
Mary Ann is 9 months old. Her mom dressed her up in her new Christmas outfit and took her to get a picture with Santa. Her mom was disappointed that Mary Ann reacted to Santa with fear instead of excitement. What emotional development is Mary Ann displaying
a. separation anxiety
b. social smile
c. stranger wariness
d. insecure attachment
c. stranger wariness
The coordinated interaction between caregiver and infant is called ___?
a. psychosocialization
b. synchrony
c. symbiosis
d. interplay
b. synchrony
Victor and Rosa want to enhance their synchrony with their 6-month-old daughter. They can best do this by _____.
a. imitating her vocal and facial expressions
b. watching her imitate their mouth movements and smiles
c. listening to her vocalizations
d. including her in their conversations
a. imitating her vocal and facial expressions
The emotions of shame, pride, and embarrassment require that a child first _____.
a. develop long-term memory skills
b. develop language to express those emotions
c. gain an awareness of other people
d. have experienced punishment
c. gain an awareness of other people
A child’s typical activity during the oral stage is _____.
a. sucking on a pacifier
b. toilet training
c. feeling a blanket using the fingers
d. playing peek-a-boo
a. sucking on a pacifier
One-year-old Claire lives in a loving, but noisy, family home with her parents and four siblings. She receives much positive attention and has a trusting relationship with her family. According to cognitive theory, she will develop _____.
a. a fixed cognitive schema that families are large
b. a fixed cognitive schema that she will always be the youngest in her family
c. a cognitive schema that families are as loving and loud as her working model
d. a cognitive schema that children are reinforced for making noise
c. a cognitive schema that families are as loving and oud as her working model
According to evolutionary theory, dependent infants attract emotional attachment from adults because _____.
a. adults are easy to manipulate
b. babies have physical characteristics that adults are attracted to in other adults
c. it meets the basic survival needs of the species
d. babies are easy to manipulate
c. it meets the basic survival needs of the species
How do people become “fixated” in a Freudian stage?
a. hey experience excessive emotions.
b. Their normal developmental urges are frustrated.
c. Their mother is not their primary caregiver.
d. They fail to undergo a normal cognitive metamorphosis.
b. Their normal developmental urges are frustrated
Freud would attribute an adult’s fingernail biting and overeating to problems during which childhood developmental stage?
a. sensorimotor
b. oral
c. anal
d. phallic
b. oral
