Chapter 10

Question 1

Children who have peers to actively play with tend to:

a. develop physical skills
b. get overwhelmed
c. fight with them
d. tattle on their playmates

Answer 1

a. develop physical skills

Question 2

As a father, Mike, rates low on nurturance and communication and high on maturity demands. He exhibits the ___ style of parenting:

a. Authoritarian
b. Permissive
c. authoritative
d. neglecting

Answer 2

a. Authoritarian

Question 3

Which is an example of reactive aggression?

a. Adrian tells frank that he’s a sissy and everyone knows it
b. Joanie hits Lexie after Lexie bumps into her during a game of catch
c. Arthur wrestles Richie for fun
d. Marion punches Arnold for no apparent reason

Answer 3

b. Joanie hits Lexie after Lexie bumps into her during a game of catch

Question 4

Which type of agression tends to be characteristic of 2 year old children:

a. reactive
b. adaptive
c. bullying
d. relational

Answer 4

a. reactive

Question 5

When parents expect unquestioning obedience from their children, their parenting style is labeled:

a. tyrannical
b. authoritative
c. dictatorial
d. authoritarian

Answer 5

d. authoritarian

Question 6

Aggression used to obtain a toy or other object is ___ aggression:

a. bullying
b. instrumental
c. reactive
d. personal

Answer 6

b. instrumental

Question 7

Dian Baumrind is known for her work on:

a. gender roles
b. types of play
c. parenting styles
d. cognitive stages

Answer 7

c. parenting styples

Question 8

angelica is 3 years old and says frequently that she wants to “marry Daddy.” According to psychoanalytic theory, this is a manifestation of:

a. the Oedipus complex
b. sexual abuse
c. the ego
d. the Electra complex

Answer 8

d. the Electra complex

Question 9

A child having an imaginary friend is an example of

a. self control
b. intrinsic motivation
c. extrinsic motivation
d. protective optimism

Answer 9

b. intrinsic motivation

Question 10

The four dimension of a parenting style are warmth, discipline, communication, and

a. physical contact
b. expectations for maturity
c. trust
d. supportiveness

Answer 10

b. expectations for maturity

Question 11

Just as monkeys do in their rough-and-tumble play, humans children:

a. look angry
b. use a play face
c. play hid and seek
d. determine a social hierarchy

Answer 11

b. use a play face

Question 12

Roderick hits or kicks Edwin on the playground nearly everyday. He also encourages other children to laugh at Edwin’s attempts to kick a ball. Roderick is using ______ aggression against Edwin.

a. reactive
b. instrumental
c. bullying
d. relational

Answer 12

c. bullying

Question 13

Which factor helps children to develop empathy?

a. experience with other children
b. punishment for selfish behavior
c. experiencing negative outcomes so that they will know how it feels
d. stories about how charters felt in different circumstances

Answer 13

a. experience with other children

Question 14

in the marshmallow test, young children could eat a marshmallow immediately or get two if they waited. What has longitudinal data from these children reveals about those who were able to wait?

a. they were no different from those who didn’t wait
b. they grew up to do better in college
c. they became more cautious adults
d. waiting was not associated with any specific outcomes.

Answer 14

b. They grew up to do better in college

Question 15

Which statement is true:

a. parents around the world play with their children regularly
b. the ways in which children play are identical around the world
c. children’s play reflects their culture’s practices and values
d. Children in N America who engage in parallel play are developmentally delayed.

Answer 15

c. children’s play reflects their cultures practices and values

Question 16

An angry 5 year old girl might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed

a. social referencing
b. self-esteem
c. identification
d. emotional regulation

Answer 16

d. emotional regulation

Question 17

Which of the following illustrates brain plasticity in emotion regulation:

a. Marvin throws a temper when his mother puts his favorite toy away
b. Velma has a sweet disposition, rarely getting upset
c. Jeff’s father angrily snatches Jeff’s toy away, and Jeff screams angrily at his father
d. Steve is cranky after a long day of playing at the park.

Answer 17

c. Jeff’s father angrily snatches Jeff’s toy away, and Jeff screams angrily at his father

Question 18

Which of the following examples of praise would be effective in fostering intrinsic motivation?

a. Wow, you’re such a good artist
b. You really worked hard on your drawing
c. I like your drawing so much, I’m going to get you new crayons
d. Let’s put a sticker on the chart to show that you did artwork today

Answer 18

b. You really worked hard on your drawing

Question 19

The desire to pursue a goal that comes from within a person is called:

a. extensive motivation
b. extrinsic motivation
c. intrinsic motivation
d. intensive drive

Answer 19

c. intrinsic motivation

Question 20

Because emotional regulation requires practice, maturation, and work, it is referred to as:

a. effortful processing
b. labor intensive
c. effortful control
d. demanding control

Answer 20

c. effortful control

Question 21

Now that Elle is in kindergarten, she is better able to hid her:

a. school books
b. pride about being a girl
c. disappointment at an undesirable gift
d. note from the prinipal reporting bad behavior

Answer 21

c. disappointment at an undesirable gift

Question 22

When Noah’s dad gets home, he sweeps Noah up in a bear hug then wrestles on the ground. While wrestling, Noah hurts his dad and he responds with” That really hurt. Be nice!” What lesson is Noah’s dad teaching?

a. dominance
b. gender roles
c. private speech
d. emotional regulation

Answer 22

d. emotional regulation

Question 23

What is a criticism of Baumrind’s classification of parenting styles?

a. She overlooked that most authoritative parents are lax in discipline
b. She did not realize that many permissive parents love their children
c. She failed to consider children’s temperamental differences
d. She ignored parental attitudes and focused on parental actions.

Answer 23

d. She ignored parental attitudes and focused on parental actions.

Question 24

Regulation of which emotion is emphasized in the United States?

a. anger
b. guilt
c. fear
d. pride

Answer 24

b. gult

Question 25

Which Theory states that gender role differences are rooted in a basic urge to reproduce?

a. cognitive theory
b. behavioral theory
c. evolutionary theory
d. sociocultural theory

Answer 25

c. evolutionary theory

Question 26

Which is one of the stages of play identified by Mildren Parten?

a. personal play
b. pretend play
c. social play
d. parallel play

Answer 26

d. parallel play

Question 27

When 4 year old Karen is angry, she lashes out by hitting. This is an example of

a. an internalizing problem
b. an externalizing problem
c. modulated emotional expression
d. frustration management

Answer 27

b. an externalizing problem

Question 28

A parenting style characterized by high parent-to-child communication, low warmth, and high expectations of maturity is:

a. authoritarian
b. authoritative
c. permissive
d. neglectful

Answer 28

a. authoritarian

Question 29

When Rawah, age 3, sees a little boy fall and hurt himself, a look of concern appears on her face. She is probably experiencing:

a. Fear
b. sadness
c. empathy
d. frustration

Answer 29

c. empathy