Chapter 7 cell structure and function

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Basic unit of all forms of life

Question 2

Cell theory

Answer 2

All living things are composed of cells, the cells are basic units of structure and function in living things and that new cells are produced from existing cells.``

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

The thin flexible barrier that surrounds all cells, regulates enters and leaves the cell.

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Cells, structure that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA.

Question 5

Eukaryote

Answer 5

Organism that the cell contains a nucleus.

Question 6

Prokaryote

Answer 6

Organism that the cell does not contain a nucleus.

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Answer 7

The fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus.

Question 8

Organelle

Answer 8

Important cellular functions withing a eukaryotic cell.

Question 9

Vacuole

Answer 9

The cell organelle that stores material such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Question 10

Lysosome

Answer 10

The cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell.

Question 11

Cytoskeleton

Answer 11

In the eukaryotic cell that gives the cell its shape and internal organization and is involved in movement.

Question 12

Centriole

Answer 12

structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division.

Question 13

Ribosome

Answer 13

The cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell, the site of protein synthesis.

Question 14

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 14

It is found in the eukaryotic cell place where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled.

Question 15

Golgi apparatus

Answer 15

Organelle in the cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from (ER) for storage in the cell or released outside the cell.

Question 16

Chloroplast

Answer 16

Capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.

Question 17

Mitochondria

Answer 17

It is found in nearly all eukaryotic cells, they convert the chemical energy stored in food to a usable form.

Question 18

Cell wall

Answer 18

It is strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells.

Question 19

Lipid bilayer

Answer 19

It makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings.

Question 20

Selectively permeable

Answer 20

It allows some substances to pass across it while other cannot.

Question 21

Diffusion

Answer 21

The process by which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Question 22

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 22

It is the process by which molecules that cannot directly diffuse across the membrane pass through special protein channels.

Question 23

Aquaporin

Answer 23

Water channel protein in a cell.

Question 24

Osmosis

Answer 24

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 25

Isotonic

Answer 25

When the concentration of two solutions is the same.

Question 26

Hypertonic

Answer 26

Greater concentration

Question 27

Hypotonic

Answer 27

Lower concentration

Question 28

Osmotic pressure

Answer 28

The force caused by the net movement of water by osmosis.

Question 29

Homeostasis

Answer 29

Relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organism maintain.

Question 30

Tissue

Answer 30

Group of similar cells that perform a particular function.

Question 31

Organ

Answer 31

Group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions.

Question 32

Organ system

Answer 32

Groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function.

Question 33

Receptor

Answer 33

A specific protein to whose shape fits that of a specific molecular messenger, such as hormone.