Chapter 7 Conditions, Tests and Procedures

Question 1

glomerulonephritis

Answer 1

inflammation of the glomeruli withing the kidney

Question 2

interstitial nephritis

Answer 2

inflammation of connective tissue that lied between the renal tubules

Question 3

nephrolithiasis

Answer 3

kidney stones

Question 4

nephrotic syndrome

Answer 4

group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

Question 5

polycystic kidney disease (PKD)

Answer 5

multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney

Question 6

pyelonephritis

Answer 6

inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

Question 7

renal cell carcinoma

Answer 7

cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood

Question 8

renal failure

Answer 8

decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function

Question 9

renal hypertension

Answer 9

high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

Question 10

wilms tumor

Answer 10

malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

Question 11

bladder cancer

Answer 11

malignant tumor of the urinary bladder

Question 12

diabetes insipidus (DI)

Answer 12

antidiuretic hormone is not secreted, or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH

Question 13

diabetes mellitus (DM)

Answer 13

insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects

Question 14

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 14

measurement of urea levels in blood

Question 15

creatinine clearance

Answer 15

measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney

Question 16

CT urography

Answer 16

x-ray images obtained using CT show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney

Question 17

kidneys, uretres and bladder (KUB)

Answer 17

x-ray exam of the k, u and b

Question 18

renal angiography

Answer 18

x-ray exam of the blood vessels of the kidney

Question 19

retrograde pyelogram (RP)

Answer 19

x-ray image of the renal pelvis and uterers after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the uterers from the bladder

Question 20

voiding cystourethrogram

Answer 20

x-ray image of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding

Question 21

ultrasonography

Answer 21

image of urinary tract structures using high frequency sound waves

Question 22

radioisotope scan

Answer 22

image of kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream

Question 23

MRI urography

Answer 23

changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in 3 planes of the body

Question 24

cystoscopy

Answer 24

direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope

Question 25

dialysis

Answer 25

process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood

Question 26

lithotripst

Answer 26

urinary tract stones are crushed

Question 27

renal angioplasty

Answer 27

dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries

Question 28

renal biopsy

Answer 28

removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination

Question 29

renal transplantation

Answer 29

surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient

Question 30

urinary catheterization

Answer 30

passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder