chapter 7 important terms

Question 1

Urinary Meatus

Answer 1

is the external opening of the urethra

Question 2

Filtration

Answer 2

the glomerulus does not allow protein and bacteria to enter the filtrate, while allowing water, salts, and waste.

Question 3

Urinary Incontinence

Answer 3

the inability to control urination

Question 4

Pyelolithotomy

Answer 4

is excision of a renal calculus from the renal pelvis

Question 5

Nycturia

Answer 5

excessive urination at night

Question 6

tubular reabsorbtion

Answer 6

Sugar and water return to the blood stream as filtrate passes through nephron tubules.

Question 7

tubular secretion

Answer 7

Certain drugs and wastes are secreted into the tubules from the blood stream.

Question 8

glomerular filtration rate

Answer 8

calculated volume of fluid generated by glomeruli

Question 9

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 9

increases absorbtion of water by renal tubules, decreasing amount of urine produced.

Question 10

I&O (intake and output)

Answer 10

a 24 hour record that provides data about fluid and electrolyte problems

Question 11

specific gravity

Answer 11

the density of urine compared with the density of water

Question 12

urinometer

Answer 12

instrument for measuring specific gravity of urine

Question 13

urea

Answer 13

nitrogen compound that is the final product of protein metabolism

Question 14

creatine

Answer 14

Normal nitrogen product

Question 15

Normal components of urine:

Answer 15

urea, ammonia, creatine, salts

Question 16

Abnormal components of urine:

Answer 16

sugar, ketones, albumin, hemolyzed blood

Question 17

ketones

Answer 17

end product of lipid metabolism

Question 18

renal threshold

Answer 18

The amount of something dissolved in the blood to where the kidneys begin to filter it in nephrons

Question 19

pus cells

Answer 19

necrotic white blood cells

Question 20

urinary casts

Answer 20

gelatinous structures that take the shape of renal tubules. sign of renal disease or urinary calculi.

Question 21

urine culture

Answer 21

test of bacteria in urine

Question 22

voided specimen

Answer 22

a patient voids into a container to be used by laboratory specialists.

Question 23

clean-catch specimen

Answer 23

urine sample obtained by clean catch technique that prevents contamination

Question 24

catheterized specimen

Answer 24

urine sample obtained by catheter

Question 25

renal clearance test

Answer 25

determines the efficiency of the kidneys to excrete substances

Question 26

oliguria

Answer 26

excreting less than 500ml of urine a day

Question 27

ureterocystostomy

Answer 27

surgical transplantation of ureter to another place in the bladder

Question 28

cystectomy

Answer 28

resection of the bladder

Question 29

hematuria

Answer 29

blood in urine

Question 30

ureterocele

Answer 30

herniation of ureter

Question 31

glycosuria

Answer 31

sugar in urine

Question 32

glomerulonephritis

Answer 32

inflammation of kidneys because of glomeruli

Question 33

urography

Answer 33

radiographic examination of the urinary system

Question 34

indwelling catheter

Answer 34

catheter designed to be left in for long periods of time

Question 35

Foley catheter

Answer 35

held in securely by a balloon that is filled with liquid

Question 36

urodynamic studies

Answer 36

measure aspects of voiding and determines problems with urine flow.

Question 37

electromyography

Answer 37

used to evaluate the strength of the muscles in voiding

Question 38

anuria

Answer 38

excreting less than 100ml of urine a day

Question 39

enuresis

Answer 39

inability to control urination

Question 40

wilms tumor

Answer 40

malignant neoplasm of the kidneys in young children

Question 41

uremia

Answer 41

accululation of of toxic products in the blood

Question 42

interstitial nephritis

Answer 42

inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidneys, including tubules

Question 43

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 43

enlargement of the prostate common in men after 50 years old.

Question 44

hypospadias

Answer 44

congenital defect that causes the urinary meatus to be below the normal position

Question 45

epispadias

Answer 45

developmental defect where the urinary meatus is above the normal position

Question 46

hemodialysis

Answer 46

the patient's blood is shunted from to body to a machine for diffusion and filtration.

Question 47

lithotomy

Answer 47

incision of a duct or organ for removal of a calculus

Question 48

lithotrite

Answer 48

an instrument for crushing stones in the body

Question 49

laparoscopic nephrectomy

Answer 49

removal of the kidneys through small incisions in the abdominal wall.

Question 50

ureterostomy

Answer 50

formation of a new opening that a ureter empties through

Question 51

transureteroureterostomy

Answer 51

surgical connection of one ureter to another