Chapter 7 Key Terms, Summary & Review Questions Flashcards
(35 cards)
chunking
grouping items into meaningful sequences or clusters
consolidation
converting a short-term memory into a long-term memory
cued recall
method to test memory by providing significant hints about the material
declarative memory
memory we can readily state in words
episodic memory
memory for specific events in your life
executive functioning
cognitive process that governs shifts of attention
explicit memory (or direct memory)
a memory that someone can state, recognizing it as a memory
free recall
describing what you remember, as you do on essay tests
implicit memory (or indirect memory)
an influence of some experience on what you say or do even though you might not be aware of the influence
information-processing model
concept that information enters a system that in turn processes, codes, and stores it
long-term memory
relatively permanent store
memory
retention of Information
priming
exposing someone to an experience that facilitates thinking of or recognizing something else
procedural memory
knowledge of how to do something
recognition
method of testing memory by asking someone to choose the correct item among options
savings method (or relearning method)
method of testing memory by comparing the speed of original learning to the speed of relearning
semantic memory
knowledge of principles and fact
short-term memory
temporary storage of recent events
source amnesia
forgetting where or how you learned something
working memor
system for working with current information
Emotional arousal enhances memory storage by increasing the release of which hormones?
A-Insulin and glucagon
B-Testosterone and estradiol
C-Cortisol and epinephrine
D-Thyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone
C-Cortisol and epinephrine
Other things being equal, you remember a list of words best if you think about them in what way?
A-How the items might relate to important events in history
B-How hard it would be to manufacture each item
C-Which store you would have to visit to purchase each item
D-How well the items could aid you in a survival situation
D-How well the items could aid you in a survival situation
According to the depth-of-processing principle, what should you do to improve your chances of remembering something later?
A-Repeat the information to be remembered as many times as possible.
B-Strengthen synapses near the center of your brain.
C-Associate the information with your own interests and experiences.
D-First memorize a list of places and then associate each item on a list with one of those places.
C-Associate the information with your own interests and experiences.
According to the encoding specificity principle, how should you study if you want to remember something for a lifetime?
A-Do all your studying in the same location, such as one place in the library.
B-Study something over and over, all at one time, until you master it.
C-Study something in a variety of times and place.
C-Study something in a variety of times and place.