Chapter 7 Language And The Brain

Question 1

Stroke

Answer 1

A loss of supply of blood to a region in the brain, resulting in disruption of brain function

Question 2

Neurons

Answer 2

A type of cell involved in transmitting messages between different parts of the brain

Question 3

Phrenology

Answer 3

The study of the contours of the head and trying to link this to the function of the various regions of brain. In large part, it is now discredited

Question 4

Functional anatomy

Answer 4

A description of the regions of the brain in terms of the function that they serve in the control of cognitive processes, characteristics and behaviour

Question 5

Neuropsychology

Answer 5

The sub-discipline of psychology concerned with studying the structure and function of the brain, therefore the relationship between the brain and psychological processes

Question 6

Cortex

Answer 6

The outer layer of the brain

Question 7

Hemisphere

Answer 7

The left and right hemispheres are the left and right sides of the brain

Question 8

Principle of localisation

Answer 8

The principle that psychological functions can be associated with particular regions of the brain

Question 9

Aphasia

Answer 9

Impairment to language or language disorder

Question 10

Monitor homunculus

Answer 10

A functional map of the motor cortex showing the regions of the body over which each region of motor cortex exerts some control

Question 11

fMRI

Answer 11

Functional magnetic resonance imaging is a technique that allows the blood flow in the brain to be monitored while the individual undertakes a particular task

Question 12

Plasticity

Answer 12

The property of the brain that it can alter its structure in the light of experience