Chapter 7 - Life Span Development

Question 1

Neonates

Answer 1

Birth to 1 month, 6-8 lbs at birth, grows 1oz per day, 25% of body weight is her, weight triples by end of first year

Question 2

Infants

Answer 2

1 month to 1 year
Develop at a startling rate

Question 3

Cardiovascular system (neonate)

Answer 3

at birth, fetal to independent circulation

Question 4

Pulmonary system (infants)

Answer 4

prone to nasal congestion under 6 months
larger tongues and shorter, narrower airways

Question 5

Nervous system for infants

Answer 5

Evolution after birth
Moro refler, Palmar reflex, Rooting reflex, sucking reflex

Question 6

Fontanelles

Answer 6

Spaces b/w bones that eventually fuse to form the skull
Posterior one fuses by 3mo
Anterior one fuses between age 9 and 18mo

Question 7

Age responses for nervous system for response

Answer 7

2mo: tracking objects with their eyes and familiar faces
6mo: sitting upright and babbling
12mo: walking with min assist

Question 8

Immune system for infants

Answer 8

Maintains some of mom’s immunities
Can also receive antibodies via breastfeeding

Question 9

Psychosocial changes for infants

Answer 9

Begin at birth and evolve with environmental interaction
crying - main form of distress
Bonding is on a secure attachment
Anxious attachment is found in infants who are repeatedly rejected
Sep. anxiety is common in older infants
Trust and mistrust - infants needs need to be met

Question 10

Toddler and preschoolers age

Answer 10

1-3, 3-6 years

Question 11

Preschoolers (pulse, rr, systolic rates)

Answer 11

Pulse - 80-140beats
RR: 20-25 bpm
Systolic: 80-100mm/hg

Question 12

Psychosocial changes for preschoolers

Answer 12

can express themselves
master basic language
can interact with other kids
understanding cause and effect
learn to recognize gender differences by observing role models

Question 13

Physical changes for preschoolers

Question 14

School age children

Answer 14

6-12 years
rapid rate of physical trait and function growth
4lb and 2.5 inches per year
Permanent teeth
brain activity increase in both hemispheres

Question 15

Psychosocial changes for school age children

Answer 15

Preconvential reasoning
Conventional reasoning
Posconventional reasoning
Self-concept and self-esteem develop

Question 16

Preconventional reasoning

Answer 16

act to avoid punishment and get what they want

Question 17

Conventional reasoning

Answer 17

approval from society and peers

Question 18

Postconventional reasoning

Answer 18

decisions by conscience

Question 19

Adolescents (teenagers)

Answer 19

12-18 years

Question 20

Vitals for adolescents(pulse, rr, systolic)

Answer 20

pulse: 60-100 beats per min (normal for adults)
RR: 12-20bpm
Systolic: 90 to 110 mm/hg

Question 21

Physical changes for adolescents

Answer 21

2-3 year spurt: girls end by 16 and boys by 18
Reproductive system matures: Secondary sexual development, voice change, menstruation, acne

Question 22

Psychosocial changes for adolescents

Answer 22

Adolescents and their families often deal with conflict
Privacy is an issue
Self-consciousness increases
Identity struggle
Antisocial behavior and peer pressure - 14-16 years
Code of ethics develops
High risk of suicide and depression

Question 23

Early Adults

Answer 23

19-40 years

Question 24

Vitals for early adults(pulse, rr, systolic)

Answer 24

Pulse - 60-100
RR: 12-20
Systolic: 90-120mmhg

Question 25

Psychosocial changes

Answer 25

Life centers on work, family, and stress Settling down Enjoys one of the more stable periods of life psychologically

Question 26

Middle adults

Answer 26

41-60 years

Question 27

Vitals

Answer 27

pulse: 60-100 rr: 12-20 Systolic: 90-140mm/hg

Question 28

Effects of middle adults

Answer 28

vision and hearing loss vulnerability cancer chance increases menopause between 40 and early 50s Diabetes, hypertension, and weight problems Exercise and healthy diet can diminish the effects of aging

Question 29

Menopause

Question 30

Psychosocial changes of middle adults

Answer 30

Focus on achieving life goals Readjust lifestyle as children leave home Physical, emotional, spiritual reserves to handle issues Financial concern Caring for both children leaving and aging parents

Question 31

Older adults

Answer 31

61 years and older; life expectancy is approximately 78 years