Chapter 7- Minerals

Question 1

What are some main functions of minerals?

Answer 1

regulate fluid balance and muscle contraction

Question 2

What are the main electrolytes?

Answer 2

sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus

Question 3

99% of this mineral stored in bones and teeth

Answer 3

Calcium

Question 4

This mineral is an intracellular messenger supporting muscle contraction

Answer 4

Calcium

Question 5

What are the best sources of calcium?

Answer 5

dairy products and calcium-fortified foods

Question 6

inadequate intake of this mineral in children can leads to rickets, disease characterized by weak bones

Answer 6

Calcium

Question 7

excess intake of this mineral can lead to problems with the parathyroid and thyroid

Answer 7

Calcium

Question 8

Hypercalcemia

Answer 8

Can lead to renal insufficiency, kidney stones, and calcification in organs

Question 9

This mineral is highly important for athletes because of the role in bone health

Answer 9

Calcium

Question 10

This mineral helps form bones and teeth, but every cell in the body contains it

Answer 10

Phosphorus

Question 11

This mineral is important for metabolizing carbs and fats, and plays an important role in muscle contractions, nerve signaling, and heartbeat

Answer 11

Phosphorus

Question 12

Inadequate intake of this mineral is uncommon in the American diet, but females 9-18 is the only group with inadequacies

Answer 12

Phosphorus

Question 13

Excess intake of this mineral can come from drinking several soft drinks per day

Answer 13

Phosphorus

Question 14

Hyperphosphatemia

Answer 14

can lead to decreased calcium absorption

Question 15

Approximately half of this body’s mineral is stored in bone

Answer 15

Magnesium

Question 16

What are good sources of magnesium?

Answer 16

nuts, seeds, legumes, green leafy vegetables, and whole grains

Question 17

Inadequate amount of this mineral is pretty uncommon but risk is higher in people with disease

Answer 17

Magnesium

Question 18

Excess amount of this mineral is typically excreted, but excess intake from supplements can lead to nausea, stomach cramping, and diarrhea

Answer 18

Magnesium

Question 19

This mineral maintains fluid volume inside and outside of cells, and is important for proper cell function

Answer 19

Potassium

Question 20

Average Americans consume far below the recommended daily intake for this mineral

Answer 20

Potassium

Question 21

Good sources of potassium

Answer 21

Vegetables, beans, and fruits

Question 22

inadequate intake of this mineral can lead to increased blood pressure, salt sensitivity, risk of kidney stones, cardiovascular disease, and stroke

Answer 22

Potassium

Question 23

This mineral regulates fluid volume and helps transport molecules across cell membranes

Answer 23

Sodium

Question 24

This mineral is typically associated with chloride

Answer 24

sodium

Question 25

Most consumption of this mineral is in the form of salt and processed foods

Answer 25

Sodium

Question 26

Continuous high levels of this mineral is associated with high blood pressure, stroke, heart disease, and kidney disease

Answer 26

Sodium

Question 27

This mineral helps retain fluid consumed and restore electrolytes for proper muscle function and is the top electrolyte lost in sweat

Answer 27

sodium

Question 28

This mineral is necessary for synthesis and functioning of the proteins hemoglobin and myoglobin

Answer 28

Iron

Question 29

Beset sources of this mineral are red meats, fish, and poultry

Answer 29

Iron

Question 30

Inadequate intake of this mineral can lead to anemia

Answer 30

Iron

Question 31

Higher rates of iron deficiency and anemia are seen more in who?

Answer 31

infants, toddlers, women of child bearing age, pregnant, female endurance athletes

Question 32

This mineral is important for thyroid functioning

Answer 32

Iodine

Question 33

The main source of this mineral is iodized salt

Answer 33

Iodine

Question 34

This mineral is not stored in the body and is one of the first lines of defense against pathogens

Answer 34

zinc

Question 35

Sources of this mineral are diets high in proteins and oysters

Answer 35

Zinc

Question 36

Excess amount of this mineral can lead to suppressed immune system functioning

Answer 36

Zinc

Question 37

Some data shows low levels of this mineral can impact performance

Answer 37

Zinc

Question 38

This mineral protects against dental cavities and is essential for bone and teeth

Answer 38

Fluoride

Question 39

Sources of this mineral is tap water rather than well water

Answer 39

Fluoride

Question 40

Inadequate intake of this mineral increases risk of developing cavities

Answer 40

Fluoride