Chapter 7(part2) Flashcards

1
Q

Glycerol can be converted to what

A
  • glucose

- pyruvate

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2
Q

Discuss fatty acid oxidation

A
  • also known as fat breakdown

- breaks down FA into 2 carbon units

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3
Q

Deamination(for proteins)

A

removing nitrogen

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4
Q

glucogenic

A

converted to pyruvate

-enter TCA cycle directly

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5
Q

ketogenic

A

converted to acetyl CoA

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6
Q

Protein is a good source of what unlike fat

A

cHO

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7
Q

slide 38

A

replicate

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8
Q

What begins the TCA cycle?

A

oxaloacetate

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9
Q

Two actual examples of coenzymes

A

niacin and riboflavin

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10
Q

What glucose yields?

A

30-32 ATP

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11
Q

what 16 carbon FA yields?

A

129 ATP

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12
Q

What is fat in relation to energy storage?

A

the body’s preferred form

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13
Q

What do CHO,PRO,and FAT break down to?

A

Acetyl CoA

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14
Q

What are the end products?

A
  • water
  • Co2
  • ATP
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15
Q

Discuss FA in relation to aa,pyruvate and glycerol

A

-they can make glucose but not FA

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16
Q

FA cannot make what

A

glucose

17
Q

Slide 47

A

replicate

18
Q

Metabolism favors what formation

A

fat

19
Q

What intake influences fuel mix?

A

CHO and PRO

20
Q

Fat breakdown does not respond to……

A

-dietary fat intake

21
Q

Look at slide 49

A

ok

22
Q

Basal Metabolism

A
  • cell’ work to maintain life processes

- 2/3 energy a person expends a day

23
Q

Fasting:choice vs no choice?

A

choice

24
Q

Can the body distinguish between fasting and feasting?

A

Body can’t distinguish; force to draw on reserves of CHO &FAT

25
Q

Discuss FASting

A

Begins with release of glucose from liver’s glycogen stores, FA from adipose cells breakdown & Acetyl CoA produced – Krebs- ATP (energy)
↓ blood Glu levels serves as signal
Promotes Further Fat breakdown
Release of amino acids from muscles

26
Q

What primarily uses glucose?

A
  • brain
  • nervous system
  • red blood cells
27
Q

What consumes half of total glucose?

A

brain and nerve cells

28
Q

What is completely dependent on glucose vs. what prefers

A
  • RBC

- brain/nerve cells

29
Q

Discuss what happens when there is no glucose?

A

Amino acids yielding pyruvate (to make Glu)(glucogenic)
Breakdown of body proteins
AA that can’t make glu used for E by other cells
Expensive way to make glucose(degrades muscle tissue)
****Body PRO provides 90% of glucose

30
Q

How long does death take if protein losses continue?

A

3 weeks

31
Q

Discuss fat oxidation’s rule in the lack of glucose

A

Shift to ketosis : (fats partially oxidized)
Use fat to make fuel for brain
Ketone bodies are the fuel –from FA →Acetyl CoA (condensation reaction= ketones formed from Acetyl CoA)
Slows the rate of body protein breakdown

32
Q

As ketone concentration goes up what happens o your PH level

A

-acidic

33
Q

A lot of blood ketones=

A

ketonemia

34
Q

Ketosis causes what

A
  • a loss of appetite
  • Slowing of metabolism
  • Supports weight loss but not fat loss
35
Q

Symptoms of Starvation

also psychological symptoms

A
  • metabolism
  • low body temperature
  • reduced disease resistance

-Depression, anxiety, food related dreams

36
Q

Low-Carbohydrate Diets

A

Metabolism similar to fasting

Uses glycogen stores first

37
Q

In ketosis discuss weight loss

A

-its from glycogen and protein breakdown fluid and mineral losses