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Paediatrics > Chapter 7: Primary Teeth, Development Of The Primary Dentition And Its Features > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Primary Teeth, Development Of The Primary Dentition And Its Features Flashcards

1
Q

Prenatal dentition: initially the germs are?

A

Crowded by malposition

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2
Q

Prenatal dentition: 7th intrauterine month: volumetric crowding because ?

A

The dental development is faster than the bone

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3
Q

If we could take an occlusal xray (tooth germs): in the maxilla we would observe that?

A

The lateral incisors are lingual to the central incisors

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4
Q

If we could take an occlusal xray (tooth germs): in the mandible we would observe that?

A

Germs are in zig zag

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5
Q

Newborn dentition: gums

A
  • are fibrous, lobed, segmented, semi-circular, and above the germs
  • are slightly raised where the new teeth will be coming in
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6
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: are in contact in the ___ area but separated in the ____ area leaving a space that is occupied by the ____—> space for eruption of the ___

A

Posterior
Anterior
Tongue
Anterior temporary teeth

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7
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: the maxillary alveolar ridge is shaped like?

A

A horseshoe, U shaped

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8
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: at birth what kind of relationship do the alveolar ridges have? And how is it corrected?

A

Newborn physiological class II
Breastfeeding and sucking

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9
Q

Physiological micrognathia is caused by?

A

The mandible, because it’s slightly retruded in compression to the maxilla

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10
Q

What is one of the main reasons that breastfeeding is recommended?

A

To compensate for the class II in newborns

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11
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: where is the micrognathia present?

A

Both jaws

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12
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: mandible retrusion: __ cm discrepancy between both jaws

A

1cm

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13
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: the overcrowding of germs is in which areas?

A

Incisive and canine areas

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14
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: which teeth usually have no crowding and often have diastemas ?

A

Molars

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15
Q

Teething in the 1st year: eruption of which teeth?

A

Incisors

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16
Q

Teething in the 1st year: when is there the fastest bone growth? And why?

A

First 6 months of life , to correct the alignment of the incisors

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17
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: sagittal ?

A

Distal growth

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18
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: vertical?

A

Increase of the palate height

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19
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: transversal?
- when does the mid palatal suture open?
- when does the mandibular synchondrosis close?

A
  • throughout the eruption of primary and permanent teeth
  • at 8 months of age (no more transversal growth)
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20
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: in what directions does the mandible grow?

A

Forward and downwards

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21
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: the class II is maintained but is decreased by?

A

Suction, thereby advancing the lower jaw

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22
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: eruption of which teeth?

A

Canines and molars

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23
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: bone growth in the sagittal plane is ___ to the molars?

A

Distal

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24
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: first ___ relation

A

Intercuspal vertical

The first palatal cusp of the 1st upper temporary molar fits in the distal fossa of the temporary lower first molar

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25
Teething in the 2nd year: what happens after the eruption of the 2nd molars ?
- correct interlocking - upper and lower canines along with the 1st temporary molars are the key to temporary occlusion - dental and neuromuscular relationships similar to the rest of the temporary dentition period - the great neuromuscular development favours the change in feeding
26
Teething in the 2nd year: which teeth are the key to temporary occlusion
upper and lower canines along with the 1st temporary molars
27
Teething in the 2nd year: what favors the change in feeding?
The great neuromuscular development
28
Primary dentition features include:
- presence of diastemas - interlocking - tooth-arch relationship - relationship between incisors - relationship between canines - molar relationship - eruptive guide 1st permanent molar - TMJ
29
Primary dentition features: presence of diastemas:
- interdental gaps - primate space
30
Primary dentition features: presence of diastemas: where are interdental gaps more evident?
Between incisors
31
Primary dentition features: presence of diastemas: where are the primate spaces in the upper arch vs lower arch?
- upper: between lateral incisor and canine (mesial) - lower: between canine and 1st temporary molar (distal)
32
Primary dentition features: presence of diastemas: if there are no diastemas, what will we have in the permanent teeth?
Open bite and crowding
33
Primary dentition features: interlocking: maxilla: all teeth except ? Articulate with 2 lower teeth
2nd molars
34
Primary dentition features: interlocking: mandible: all teeth except ? Articulate with 2 upper teeth
Central incisors
35
Primary dentition features: interlocking: the lower teeth have ____ ahead of the upper ones—> the lower 2nd molars are? Than the 2nd upper molars
Half a cusp, bigger
36
Primary dentition features: tooth-arch relationship: temporary teeth are more ____ to the occlusal plane, ___ regarding the bony base?
Perpendicular , straight
37
Primary dentition features: tooth-arch relationship: permanent teeth are usually?
More inclined
38
Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: overbite definition and normal value
The vertical relationship of the incisors 2-4mm, 1/3
39
Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: overjet definition
The horizontal relationship between incisors, distance from the palatal surface of the upper incisors to the buccal surface of the lower incisors
40
Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: overjet, physiologically class II, lower teeth are more retruded, causes—?
Bigger overjet
41
Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: overjet and overbite tend to be?
0mm
42
Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: Inter incisal angle definition
The angle formed by the intersection of the upper and lower tooth axes
43
Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: the inter incisal angle value in primary dentition
150 degrees
44
Primary dentition features: relationship between canines: a class I canine relationship is defined as
The upper canine occludes between the lower canine and the 1st primary molar, occupying the primary space
45
Primary dentition features: relationship between canines: a class II canine relationship is defined as
The cusp of the upper canine is mesial to the distal slope of the mandibular canine
46
Primary dentition features: relationship between canines: a class III canine relationship is defined as
The cusp of the upper canine is distal to the distal slope of the mandibular canine
47
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: terminal or post lacteal plane is
The relationship between the distal surface of the 2nd upper and lower primary molars
48
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: what is the erupting guide of the 1st permanent molars?
The terminal or post lacteal plane
49
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: what happens first, the shedding of the primary molars or the eruption of the 1st permanent molars?
Eruption of the 1st permanent molars
50
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: 3 types are?
- straight/ flush terminal plane - mesial step - distal step
51
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: straight/flush terminal plane definition
The distal sides of the 2nd molars are at the same level
52
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: straight/flush terminal plane: the mesial surface of the 1st permanent molars will be?
In the same plane
53
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: which of the 3 types is the most common?
Straight/flush terminal plane
54
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: which of the 3 types is the worst one?
Distal step
55
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: straight/flush terminal plane, the permanent molars will erupt in classes?
I or II
56
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: mesial step definition
The 2nd upper molar occludes distally to the 2nd lower molar
57
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: mesial step: the permanent molars will erupt in classes?
I or III
58
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: long mesial step will result in a class?
III
59
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: short mesial step will result in a class?
I
60
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: distal step definition
The 2nd upper molar occludes mesially to the 2nd lower molar
61
Primary dentition features: molar relationship: distal step: the permanent molars will erupt in a class?
II
62
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: determinants of permanent 1st molar eruption:
- leeway space - terminalplane - growth pattern
63
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: terminal plane
Of primary 2nd molars, class I, II, or III
64
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: leeway space definition
An extra space is available in the arch when the deciduous molars are exfoliated and replaced by the smaller permanent premolars
65
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: leeway space in the maxilla is?
1.8mm, 0.9mm on each side
66
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: leeway space in the mandible?
3.4mm, 1.7mm on each side
67
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: what allows the terminal space to evolve into a class I?
The presence of leeway space
68
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: what allows the terminal space to evolve into a class II?
The lack of leeway space
69
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: growth pattern, a class I molar relationship is ?
The mesial buccal cusp of the upper 1st permanent molar occludes with the buccal groove of the lower 1st permanent molar
70
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: growth pattern, a class II molar relationship is ? and is usually accompanied with?
The mesial buccal cusp of the upper 1st permanent molar occludes mesially to the buccal groove of the lower 1st permanent molar An overjet
71
Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: growth pattern, a class III molar relationship is ? and is usually accompanied by?
The mesial buccal cusp of the 1st upper permanent molar occludes distally to the buccal groove of the lower 1st permanent molar An underbite
72
Primary dentition features: TMJ: how is the TMJ, spee curve, and Wilson curve in newborns
TMJ almost flat Spee curve flat No wilson curve
73
Primary dentition features: TMJ: primary dentition
An articular shape is acquired, the glenoid cavity starts forming
74
Primary dentition features: TMJ: mixed dentition: how is the spee curve and Wilson curve
They begin to form
75
Primary dentition features: TMJ: permanent dentition: how is the spee and wilson curve
Formed
76
Normal signs in primary dentition:
- diastema in the anterior region - primate spaces - slight overjet and overbite - class I canine relationship - straight terminal plane or short mesial step - inter incisal angle of 150 degrees
77
Timing and sequence of primary dentition: - heritage effect on the eruption: ?% - environment factors: ?%
-75 -25
78
Speed and timing are influenced by?
Size, weight, and head circumference
79
Are there difference between the 2 sexes and the right and left side?
NO
80
Individual differences: up to ___ delay eruption is considered normal
1 year
81
We need to preform an X-ray if there has been no eruption after ? Months of the considered normal time?
14
82
Common eruptive sequence: Incisors: Canines: Molars:
- lower central incisors: 6 months - upper central incisors: 7 months - upper lateral incisors: 8 months - lower lateral incisors: 9 months - lower first molars: 12 months - upper first molars: 14 months - lower canines: 16 months - upper canines: 18 months - lower 2nd molars: 20 months - upper 2nd molars: 24-30 months
83
All lower teeth erupt before their upper counterpart except which tooth?
Lateral incisor
84
Which teeth erupt first, the 1st molars or the canines?
1st molars

Paediatrics (11 decks)

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