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Cosmetology > Chapter 7 - Skin Structure, Growth, & Nutrition > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Skin Structure, Growth, & Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Dermatology

A

Medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.

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2
Q

Dermatologist

A

Physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails

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3
Q

Largest organ

A

The skin

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4
Q

Weight of skin

A

6-9 pounds

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5
Q

Healthy skin

A

Free of any visible signs of disease, infection, or injury. Slightly moist, soft, and flexible

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6
Q

Callus

A

Repeated pressure on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet, can cause it to thicken.

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7
Q

Skin on scalp

A

Larger and deeper hair follicles to accommodate the longer hair of the head.

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8
Q

Epidermis

A

The outermost and thinnest later of The skin.

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9
Q

Keratin

A

Fibrous protein that is also the principal component of hair and nails

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10
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Horny layer ; outer layer of the epidermis

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11
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Clear; transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum corneum

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12
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Granular layer; layer of the epidermis composed of cells that look like

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13
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

The spiny layer just above the stratum germinativum

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14
Q

Stratum germinativum

A

More commonly called basal cell layer of the epidermis composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin; replaces cells shed from the stratum corneum

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15
Q

Melanocytes

A

Cells that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin

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16
Q

Dermis

A

Underlying or inner layer of the skin: derma, Corium, cutis

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17
Q

Dermal papillae

A

Singular; cone shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles that fit into the hair bulb

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18
Q

Epidermal- dermal junction

A

The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis.

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19
Q

Papillary layer

A

Outer layer of the dermis directly beneath the epidermis.

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20
Q

Reticular

A

Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients; contains fat cells, blood vessels,sudoriferous glands, hair follicles, lymph vessels, are toe pili muscles, sebaceous glands and nerve endings

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21
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Glands connected to hair follicles. Sebum is the fatty or oily secrection of the sebaceous glands

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22
Q

Sensory nerve fibers

A

Fibers of the secretory nerve that are distributed to the sudoriferous glands and sebaceous glands. Secretory nerves, which are part of the autonomic nervous system regulate the excretion of perspiration from the swear glands and control the flow of sebum to the surface of the skin

23
Q

Motor nerve fibers

A

Fibers of the motor nerves that are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attached to hair follicles. Motor nerves carry impulses from the brain to the muscles

24
Q

Pheomelanin

A

A type of melanin that is red to yellow in color. People with light colored skin mostly produce pheomelanin. There are 2 types of melanin the other type is eumelanin

25
Q

Collagen

A

Fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength.

26
Q

Elastin

A

Protein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue

27
Q

Sudoriferous glands

A

Also known as sweat glands; excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and untainted chemicals

28
Q

Closed comedo

A

Whiteheads; a follicle impacted with dead cells and solidified sebum, appearing as a small white bump just under the skin surface. Extremely small surface opening

29
Q

Open comedo

A

Blackheads; hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum

30
Q

Water %

A

Water makes 50-70% percent of the body’s weight and is necessary for virtually every function of the cells and body

31
Q

Vitamin a

A

Supports the overall health of the skin; aids in the health, function, and repair of skin cells; has been shown to improve the skins elasticity and thickness

32
Q

Vitamin c

A

An important substance needed for proper repair of the skin and tissues promotes the production of collagen in the skins dermal tissues aids and promoted the skins healing process

33
Q

Vitamin d

A

enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium, the element needed for proper bone development and maintenance. Vitamin d also promotes rapid healing of the skin

34
Q

Lesion

A

Mark on the skin that changes the structure of tissues or organs.
Freckles

35
Q

Primary lesions

A

Different color than than the color of the skin/ and or lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin

36
Q

Secondary lesions

A

Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab or depressions in the skin surface such as an ulcer

37
Q

Crust

A

Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material

38
Q

Excoriation

A

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

39
Q

Fissures

A

Primarily environmental factors that contribute to aging and the appearance is aging

40
Q

Keloid

A

Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis

41
Q

Ulcer

A

Open lesion on the skin mucous membrane of the body; accompanied by loss of skin depth and possibly weeping of fluids or pus. Required medical referral

42
Q

Milia

A

Benign, keratin filled cysts that can appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening.

43
Q

Acne

A

A skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria known as propionibacterium acne’s, the scientific term for acne bacteria.

44
Q

Sebaceous cyst

A

A large, protruding pocket- like lesion filled with sebum. Sebaceous cysts are frequently seen on the scalp and the back and may be surgically removed by a dermatologist

45
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

Skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands it is often characterized by redness, dry oily scaling, crusting and or itchiness

46
Q

Telangiectasis

A

Distended or dilated surface blood vessels

47
Q

Hyper hidrosis

A

Excessive sweating, cause by heat or general body weakness

48
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Also known as pinkeye infection of the eye that may be caused by a bacteria or a virus; generally extremely cautious

49
Q

Herpes simplex 1

A

Recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore.

50
Q

Psoriasis

A

Skin disease characterized by red patches cover with silver white scales usually found on the scalp elbows knees chest and lower back.
It is rarely found on the face

51
Q

Albinism

A

Congenital hypopigmentation or absence of melanin pigment of the body, including the skin, hair, and eyes

52
Q

Leukoderma

A

Skin disorder characterized by light, abnormal patches; caused by a burn, scar, inflammation, or congenital disease that destroys the pigment- producing cells

53
Q

Stain

A

Abnormal brown-colored or wine colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape

Cosmetology (32 decks)

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