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Anatomy > Chapter 7 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following functions is associated with the skin?

A

protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun

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2
Q

The integumentary system has many functions, one of which is

A

Detection of painful stimuli

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3
Q

The layer of fat below the skin is called the

A

Hypodermis

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4
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the hypodermis is false?

A

Hypodermis is composed of dense connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers.

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5
Q

Body fat in the hypodermis

A

Varies with age and sex

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6
Q

The dermis

A

Is responsible for most of the skin’s structural strength

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7
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true

A

The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis

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8
Q

Keratinization

A

Produces a layer of cells that resist abrasion

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9
Q

Skin color is the result of

A

The quantity of melanin in the skin

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10
Q

Melanin production can be influenced by

A

Genetics, hormones, exposure to sunlight, pregnancy

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11
Q

Melanin

A

Is absent in individuals known as albinos

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12
Q

A victim of an automobile accident goes into shock, which results in decreased blood flow. The victim’s skin will

A

Become pale

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13
Q

The portion of a hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin is the

A

Hair shaft

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14
Q

Which of the following hair colors is the result of a decrease in melanin

A

White

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15
Q

When the arrestor pili muscles contract

A

“goose bumps” form on the skin

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16
Q

Which of the following statements is false about sebaceous glands?

A

Sebaceous glands are an example of apocrine glands

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17
Q

The activity of apocrine sweat glands

A

leads to body odor

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18
Q

Sweat glands

A

aid in cooling the body

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19
Q

Sweat

A

is produced by an apocrine gland

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20
Q

Skin glands do not include

A

Salivary glands

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21
Q

Nails

A

protect the ends of digits

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22
Q

An increase in body temperature causes

A

Sweating

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23
Q

Which of the following will help cool the body?

A

Evaporation of sweat from the skin’s surface

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24
Q

Which vitamin begins its synthesis in the skin’s exposure to ultraviolet light?

A

Vitamin D

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25
Q

Barney sat on a hot camp stove while on a camping trip. the burn was painful and blistered. His was what type of burn?

A

Second degree

26
Q

Which of the following skin changes is usually associated with aging?

A

Loss of subcutaneous tissue contributes to sagging of the skin

27
Q

With aging, individuals tent to feel colder and usually need the thermostat in their home set higher in the winter to feel warm enough. This is probably because the elderly

A

Experience a decrease in the thickness of their subcutaneous fat layer

28
Q

Thin outer layer of the skin

A

Epidermis

29
Q

Responsible for most of the skin’s structural strength

A

Dermis

30
Q

Site of fat storage

A

Hypodermis

31
Q

A protein that flattens, hardens and makes the skin water resistant

A

Keratin

32
Q

Responsible for melanin production

A

Melanocyte

33
Q

The portion of the hair that extends above the surface of the skin

A

Shaft

34
Q

The epidermal cells from which the hair grows from

A

Follicle

35
Q

The portion of the hair below the surface of the skin

A

Root

36
Q

Vesicles that contain melanin

A

Melanocyte

37
Q

A genetic disease characterized by the inability to produce melanin

A

Albinism

38
Q

Loss of pigment in certain areas of skin

A

Vitiligo

39
Q

A yellow pigment derived from plants that can impart a yellow color to the skin

A

Carotene

40
Q

Bluish skin color caused by decrease in blood oxygen

A

Cyanosis

41
Q

Outermost layer of skin

A

Epidermis

42
Q

Oil glands of the skin

A

Sebaceous

43
Q

Bluish discoloration of the skin

A

Cyanosis

44
Q

Skin color caused by liver or gallbladder disease

A

Jaundice

45
Q

Increased blood flow to the skin

A

Flushing

46
Q

The skin is attached to underlying bone and muscle by the _____

A

Hypodermis

47
Q

Melanin is produced only by _____

A

melanocytes

48
Q

Body odor results from secretions from the

A

apocrine sweat glands

49
Q

Sweat is involved in the regulation of _____

A

thermoregulation

50
Q

What is the functional relationship between melanin, melanocytes, and tanning of the skin?

A

When someone tans, melanocytes are activated, causing melanin to be released resulting in a bronze tint to the skin

51
Q

What might happen to the skin color of an individual whose diet was mainly carrots, tomatoes, and other yellow vegetables?

A

When someone eats carrots and other yellow vegetables, there is carotene released which can cause yellowing to the skin

52
Q

Dry skin

A

Moisture is lost easier because the skin is looser

53
Q

Wrinkles

A

The skin does not have as much fat and collagen is broken down

54
Q

Age spots

A

Can develop from the sun or from the skin being thin

55
Q

Gray hairs

A

The body loses its ability to produce melanin

56
Q

Both patient A and patient B suffered burns to their legs when their space heater exploded. Patient A suffered a partial thickness burn while patient B suffered a full thickness burn. Predict the effect their burns will have on skin regeneration and hair growth.

A

Patient A will recover in a couple weeks because the skin was damaged, there will also be scarring, some hair growth. Patient B will need a skin graft because his skin was destroyed and will most likely not have hair growth.

57
Q

Why are older individuals more prone to heat exhaustion?

A

Since their fat breaks down, there is less insulation in the body for them to stay cool/warm

58
Q

Explain how the integumentary system is used to diagnose cyanosis

A

The skin can show cyanosis because the skin turns blue from lack of oxygen.

59
Q

Explain how the integumentary system is used to diagnose jaundice

A

The skin can show jaundice because it turns yellow which shows signs of jaundice which is caused by the liver.

60
Q

Challenge: Rebecca noticed a change in the mole on the back of her arm. It appeared to be larger than she remembered, and the border was lopsided and irregular. She made an appointment with her dermatologist because these warning signs could indicate what condition?

A

It could indicate melanoma-a deadly skin cancer. The dermatologist would perform a biopsy to find out.

Anatomy (8 decks)

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