Chapter 7 - Trauma Flashcards
(16 cards)
what is PTSD and how long can symptoms occur before diagnosis? What kind of symptoms can they develop?
- Definition: Enduring, distressing, and motional disorder that follows exposure to a severe, helpless, or fear inducing threat.
avoids stimuli associated with it, and develop potentially numbing responses, hyper-arousal responses or both.
what is acute stress disorder? What is the prevelance of acute stress disorder becoming PTSD
- Acute Stress Disorder: Before one month after event. After witnessing something traumatic and happen for one month, after one month can meet PTSD
50%
what are the 3 E’s of trauma?
- Event:
- Experience
- Effects
what is complex PTSD vs. PTSD
Complex-PTSD (C-PTSD): is not a recognized disorder diagnostically according to DSM but does exist in ICD.
o Repeated and ongoing exposure to traumas (C-PTSD) vs. witnessing a singular traumatic event (PTS)
what is adjustment disorder? diagnosed wihin how many months
- Midler symptomatology than PTSD involved anxious or depressive reactions to life stress involved emotional or behavioural symptoms within 3 months of a specific stressors.
What is meant by attachment disorders? What are the two kinds?
- Childhood diagnosed disorders, more developmentally related and result from early on neglect or abuse. Odd attachment behaviours to a primary caregiver or otherwise.
Reactive Attachment Disorder: Consistent pattern of emotionally withdrawn behaviour toward adult caregivers (e.g. not seeking comfort from caregiver after stress and don’t respond to comfort when its offered).
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder: Very little reluctance of attaching to any adult caregiver. Maybe get comfort from any stranger, overly verbal or physical with an adult. Willing to attach with everyone without hesitation
what is depersonalization-derealization dirsorder? Define dissociation. What is reality Testing? What is this disorder highly comorbid with?
Dissociation: composed of both depersonalization (feeling outside your body, there is a split from your emotions, thoughts, etc) and derealization (disconnected things in the environment)
Detachment from self, surroundings, and/or reality:
- Usually results from trauma of some kind
- There is consciousness that this is occurring (i.e. reality testing).
- Highly comorbid with mood/anxiety disorders.
what is an explanation for why we dissociate?
- Mechanisms developed by our psyches to avoid psychological stress.
what is dissociative amnesia? What is Fugue and Trance? What is the prevelance rate?
- Inability to recall autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is inconsistent with ordinary functioning.
- Fugue: Travel associated with dissociation (e.g. wife cheating and walking somewhere)
- Trance: Idea of trance and possession and is not a disorder because it shows up in religious practices/tradition.
1.8-7.3%
what is dissociated Identity disorder? what was it formerly known as? How do we see treatment? What is the onset and latest onset? prevelance rate between genders?
- Formerly multiple personality disorder
- Experiencing something severely traumatic (often sexual in nature) the psyche forms its own identity from trauma with personality characteristics different from the person (pseudo independent personality).
Developmental window where it doesn’t tend to develop after 9 years old
Much more common to women 9:1.
what are the 6 trauma disorders?
PTSD
Acute stress disorder
adjustment disorder
attachment disorder
depersonalization-derealization disorder
dissociative amnesia
dissociative identity disorder
what kind of approach did Gabor Mate take. What are 2 myths about addition. WHat are 2 assumptions we make in trauma. WHat is compassionate inquiry
- Humanist approach: why/what are these beliefs and what are the reactive thoughts.
- The conclusion we draw as young is that our parents are wrong and bad or we are wrong and bad. The conclusion we arrive it is that I must be wrong or bad so I have to change and learn to be different. Which can result in problems later on in life.
- Compassionate inquiry: focus on unconsious beliefs, emotional pain and trauma
1) addicition is a choice 2) addition is biological (comes form sense of belonging and acceptance)
what is Bessel van der Kolk and what did he propose about the neurobiology of trauma? What is time freezing? What is the cook, smoke detector, and watchtower? WHat happens to our baseline for amygdala?
information goes to our thalamus and gets put together. then it either takes the low road (faster) to the amydgala whihc is responsible for our emotions.
it takes longer for the thalamus to send information to our medial PFC with is responsible for executive functioning like rationalizing threats.
When we experience trauma we can have an imbalance and an overactive amygdala which can result in Time freezing which is the perception that a threat is current and you relive the experience.
Thalamus is cook, amygdala is smoke detector and MPFC is the watchtower.
Lower baseline rate for amygdala means we are hyper sensistive.
What are forms of bottom up and top down treatments of trauma?
Bottom-Up (Start Limbic System to MPFC): Recalibrate our autonomic nervous systems to learn to regulate NS.
EMDR: Eye movement desensitization reprocessing. Focussing on eyes and ask you to notice sensations, memories. Not entirely conscious. Theoretically unlocking unconscious memories.
Chanting/etc: Human experience in relationship and these are practices that are symbolic of our physiological processes
Breathing: One of the few body functions that is under autonomic and conscious control. Any practices focussed on breathing helps restore conscious experience.
Psychoactive Drugs: Forming a new way of thinking.
Top-Down (MPFC to Limbic): Talk therapies (thinking differently and grounding ourselves through the approaches), mindfulness (foster emotional regulation by sitting with sensations).
who is DOnald Kalsched and what did he investigate in people who were subjected to trauma in theri lives? What is a splinter psyche? What is the role of the psyche? what is trauma to the psyche? what is a syzygy?
a dyad forms in dreams where the unconscious seperates into a syzygy where you cant have one without the other. people with trauma have splinter psyches where are splits of the psyches into a regressive (something inherently innocent) and a progressive (something mean to protect the regressive but is also an antagonist) as a way to protect the ego.
Psyche is a feeling of wholeness
Trauma is a direct attack on the psyche and thus the ego and our consciousness.
what is an architype and the archetypical self-care system? what is teleology
A universal blueprint for the human psyche
says that progressive tells regressive to take up no space. leaving them to think, dont take risks, dont be vulnerable and dont express yourself.
teleology is the idea that we can do evil and not and our thoughts arent also our actions nad we can be our best selves.
