Chapter 7: Weight Management

Question 1

BMI: over __ is overweight, and over __ is obese

Answer 1

25

30

Question 2

Normal body fat for men:

Answer 2

10-25%

Question 3

Normal body fat for women:

Answer 3

18-35%

Question 4

Fat distribution waste:
for women?
for men?

Answer 4

women: >35”
men: >40”

Question 5

1 pound of fat = ___ calories

Answer 5

3,500

Question 6

Healthy weight falls between BMI of

Answer 6

18.5-24.9

Question 7

BMI does not identify:

Answer 7

how much of weight is fat or where fat is located

Question 8

8 reasons why we eat:

Answer 8

• biological hunger
• practical eating
• taste hunger
• emotional hunger
• social eating
• habit
• availability
• Dieter’s head

Question 9

4 Factors influencing appropriateness of weight loss:

Answer 9

• extent of overweight
• age
• health
• genetics

Question 10

Physiological changes that favor weight gain include:

Answer 10

fat cells, enzymes, hormones

Question 11

Complications of Bulimia- from vomiting:

Answer 11

• esophageal tears
• swollen neck glands
• electrolyte disturbances
• damaged tooth enamel
• hypoglycemia

Question 12

Complications of Bulimia- from diuretics

Answer 12

• dehydration

- electrolyte disturbance may lead to bone fractures or heart arrhythmia

Question 13

Complications of Bulimia- from laxatives

Answer 13

• cathartic colon
• bloating
• electrolyte disturbances

Question 14

___ promotes fat storage in fat cells and muscle cells.

Answer 14

lipoprotein lipase

Question 15

People with high LPL store more or less fat?

Answer 15

more

Question 16

The obesity gene (ob gene) codes for the protein ___.

Answer 16

leptin

Question 17

__ is a hormone primarily produced and secreted by fat cells in proportion to the amount of fat stored.

Answer 17

Leptin

Question 18

A gain in body fatness stimulates the production of leptin, which by the way of the __, surpasses the appetite, increases energy expenditure, and produces fat loss.

Answer 18

hypothalamus

Question 19

A loss in body fat __ the production of leptin.

Answer 19

surpresses

Question 20

What is it called when your body proceeds enough leptin but it fails to respond to it?

Answer 20

leptin resistance

Question 21

__ works in the opposite direction as leptin.

Answer 21

gherlin

Question 22

__ is synthesized and secreted primarily by to stomach cells but signals the hypothalamus to stimulate appetite and food intake.

Answer 22

Gherlin

Question 23

___ triggers the desire to eat.

Answer 23

gherlin

Question 24

Lean people have a ___ level of gherlin compared to obese people.

Answer 24

higher

Question 25

The amount of fat in adipose tissue reflects both the:

Answer 25

number and the size of the fat cells

Question 26

The ___ proposes that body weight, like body temperature, is physiologically regulated.

Answer 26

set-point theory

Question 27

What does the set-point theory suggest?

Answer 27

It suggests that somehow the body chooses a preferred weight and defends that weight by regulating eating behaviors and hormonal actions.

Question 28

After weight losses, the body __ metabolic rate.

Answer 28

decreases

Question 29

An __ __ includes all of the circumstances that people encounter daily that push them toward fatness. (all the factors around someone that promotes weight gain)

Answer 29

obesogenic environment

Question 30

___ __ is a term that describes the perception that large portions are the appropriate amounts to eat at a single sitting.

Answer 30

Portion distortion

Question 31

Reducing portion sizes is helpful, but the real calorie savings come from ____

Answer 31

lowering the energy density.

Question 32

Appropriate eating behavior is a response to ___.

Answer 32

hunger

Question 33

the physiological desire to eat; a learned motivation that is experienced as a pleasant sensation

Answer 33

appetite

Question 34

Hunger is ___, whereas appetite is ___

Answer 34

- physiological | - psychological

Question 35

Prompts a person to stop eating.

Answer 35

satiation

Question 36

the feeling of fullness and satisfaction that occurs after a meal and inhibits eating until the next meal

Answer 36

satiety

Question 37

reminds us to not start eating again

Answer 37

satiety

Question 38

Obese people are often seen to eat less than lean people, but they are sometimes so extraordinarily inactive that they still manage to accumulate an __ __.

Answer 38

energy surplus

Question 39

urban and rural low-income areas with limited access to affordable and nutritious food.

Answer 39

food deserts

Question 40

Are all natural herbs healthy?

Answer 40

no some contain toxins

Question 41

What is ephedra?

Answer 41

A weight loss herb that leads to effects such as cardiac arrest, abnormal heart beats, HTN, strokes, and seizures

Question 42

Do hot baths speed up metabolism?

Answer 42

No

Question 43

If people are using medications for weight loss, this treatment is ___

Answer 43

long term

Question 44

Drugs may be an option for people who are:

Answer 44

- unable to achieve adequate weight loss with diet and exercise - have a BMI> or equal to 30 - have no medical contraindications

Question 45

a BMI of 40 or greater describes:

Answer 45

clinically severe obesity

Question 46

Two surgical procedures for the clinically serve obese patients:

Answer 46

- gastric bypass | - gastric banding

Question 47

surgery the restrict stomach size and reroutes food from the stomach to the lower part of thee small intestine

Answer 47

gastric bypass

Question 48

a surgical means of producing wright loss by restricting stomach size with a constricting band

Answer 48

gastric banding

Question 49

__ __ suppresses hunger by changing production of GI hormones.

Answer 49

gastric bypass

Question 50

Common immediate post surgical complications include :

Answer 50

infections, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration

Question 51

The _____ advise those who need to lose weight to "consume fewer kilocalories from foods and beverages, increase physical activity, and reduce time spent in sedentary behaviors".

Answer 51

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

Question 52

The main characteristic of a weight-loss diet is that it provides:

Answer 52

less energy than the person needs to maintain present body weight

Question 53

The number of kcalories spent in an activity depends on:

Answer 53

body weight, intensity, and duration.

Question 54

The changing of behavior by the manipulation of antecedents, the behavior itself, and consequences

Answer 54

behavior modification

Question 55

___ hold the key to weight gain.

Answer 55

energy-dense foods