Chapter 8 Flashcards
Cognitive Revolution
Mental. Processes involved in acquiring knowledge
Properties of language
Symbolic, somatic, generative, structured
Phonemes
Smallest speech unit
Morphemes
Smallest unit of meaning
Semantics
Meaning of words and word combinations detonation vs. Connotation
Syntax
A system of rules for arranging words into sentences
6 months
To Begins Babbling resemble surrounding language
1 year
First word
18-24 months
Vocabulary spurt, fast mapping, over and underextensions
6 years of age
Metalinguistic awareness7 ability to reflect on use of language
Pet Sean
Area that resembles brocals area
Steven pinker
Argues language is a human specific trait
Behaviorist
Learning of specific verbal responses→skinner
Nativist
Language acquisition device→ Chomsky
Whorf’s hypothesis
Linguistic relativity→ one’s language determines the nature of one’s thought
Problem solving
Active efforts to discover what must he done to achieve a goal that B not readily attainable greens (1978)
Problems of inducing structure
Need to learn relationship amongst items
Problems of arrangement
Need to re-arrang items to solver theproblem
Problems of transformation
Sequence of steps to reach an end goal
Barriers to elective problem solving
In-relevant informations function al fixedness, mental sets unnecessary constraints
Simon
1957→ human decision makingis not rational huge variety of choices available to us
Expected value
Actual expected gain
Subjective probability
Your estimate
Subjective vitality
What a win would mean to you
