Chapter 8

Question 1

Raul’s father tells him not to slouch, and to put his shoulders back. What specifically must Raul do to improve his posture?

Select one:
a. laterally rotate his humerus
b. medially rotate his humerus
c. depress his scapulae
d. retract his scapulae

Answer 1

d. retract his scapulae

Question 2

A

Answer 2

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

Question 3

B

Answer 3

medial (tibial) collateral ligament (MCL)

Question 4

C

Answer 4

lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

Question 5

D

Answer 5

lateral meniscus

Question 6

E

Answer 6

posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

Question 7

Sergio needs to reach the bowls on the top shelf, which are slightly out of reach. Which type of movement below would give him the greatest chance of success in reaching the bowls?

Select one:
a. dorsiflexion
b. plantar flexion
c. inversion
d. eversion
e. circumduction

Answer 7

b. plantar flexion

Question 8

A sharp object penetrated a synovial joint. From the following list of structures, select the order in which they were penetrated.
(1) tendon or muscle
(2) ligament
(3) fibrous capsule
(4) skin
(5) synovial membrane

Select one:
a. 4, 1, 2, 5, 3
b. 4, 5, 1, 2, 3
c. 4, 3, 2, 5, 1
d. 4, 1, 2, 3, 5
e. 4, 2, 1, 5, 3

Answer 8

d. 4, 1, 2, 3, 5

Question 9

The inability to produce the fluid that keeps most joints moist indicates a disorder of the

Select one:
a. cruciate ligament.
b. synovial membrane.
c. articular cartilage.
d. bursae.
e. mucus membrane.

Answer 9

b. synovial membrane.

Question 10

A

Answer 10

sternal symphyses

Question 11

B

Answer 11

costochondral joint

Question 12

C

Answer 12

sternocostal synchrondosis

Question 13

D

Answer 13

manubrium

Question 14

E

Answer 14

sternum

Question 15

The thick fibrocartilage disks found in the knee joint are called

Select one:
a. bursae.
b. ligaments.
c. tendon sheaths.
d. menisci.
e. intraknee disks.

Answer 15

d. menisci.

Question 16

The opposite of extension is

Select one:
a. inversion.
b. protraction.
c. elevation.
d. pronation.
e. flexion.

Answer 16

e. flexion.

Question 17

Which of the following statements concerning bursae is true?

Select one:
a. They are filled with air.
b. They are a cellular cushion.
c. They carry blood vessels to joints.
d. They are formed by an extension of the synovial membrane.
e. They bind tendons to ligaments.

Answer 17

d. They are formed by an extension of the synovial membrane.

Question 18

A

Answer 18

bursa (extension of joint cavity)

Question 19

B

Answer 19

articular cartilage

Question 20

C

Answer 20

tendon

Question 21

D

Answer 21

synovial membrane

Question 22

E

Answer 22

fibrous capsule

Question 23

Harry is told he has structural damage to his dentoalveolar joint. Where specifically is the problem area?

Select one:
a. Between his sacrum and coxa.
b. At his symphysis pubis.
c. In his cervical region between the atlas and axis.
d. Between his tooth socket and tooth.
e. At the suture between the two parietal bones.

Answer 23

d. Between his tooth socket and tooth.

Question 24

The opposite of eversion is

Select one:
a. inversion.
b. protraction.
c. elevation.
d. pronation.
e. flexion.

Answer 24

a. inversion.

Question 25

LaTonya gets her hand caught in the car door at her knuckles. Which of these specific joints is injured? Select one: a. radiocarpal joints b. metacarpophalangeal joints c. atlantoaxis joints d. metatarsophalangeal joints e. interphalangeal joints

Answer 25

b. metacarpophalangeal joints

Question 26

Which of the following joints is most movable? Select one: a. suture b. syndesmosis c. symphysis d. synovial e. synchondrosis

Answer 26

d. synovial

Question 27

Which of the following joints is most movable? Select one: a. suture b. syndesmosis c. symphysis d. synovial e. synchondrosis

Answer 27

d. synovial

Question 28

Osteoarthritis usually is caused by Select one: a. wear and tear of the joint. b. increased uric acid in the blood. c. an autoimmune disorder. d. a bacterial infection in the joint. e. bursitis.

Answer 28

?? a. wear and tear of the joint.

Question 29

Which of the following does NOT occur due to the effects of aging on the joints? Select one: a. decreased range of motion b. decreased flexibility and elasticity c. increased production of synovial fluid d. weakening of muscles e. decreased tissue repair

Answer 29

c. increased production of synovial fluid

Question 30

Which of these joints is not matched with the correct joint type? parietal bone to occipital bone—suture between the hipbones—symphysis humerus and scapula—synovial shafts of the radius and ulna—synchondrosis teeth in alveolar process—gomphosis

Answer 30

shafts of the radius and ulna—synchondrosis

Question 31

Which type of joint is the most movable? sutures syndesmoses symphyses synovial gomphoses

Answer 31

synovial

Question 32

The intervertebral disks are examples of... sutures. syndesmoses. symphyses. synovial joints. gomphoses.

Answer 32

symphyses.

Question 33

Joints containing hyaline cartilage are called _________, and joints containing fibrocartilage are called _________. sutures, synchondroses syndesmoses, symphyses symphyses, syndesmoses synchondroses, symphyses gomphoses, synchondroses

Answer 33

synchondroses, symphyses

Question 34

The inability to produce the fluid that keeps most joints moist would likely be caused by a disorder of the... cruciate ligaments. synovial membrane. articular cartilage. bursae. tendon sheath.

Answer 34

synovial membrane.

Question 35

Assume that a sharp object penetrated a synovial joint. Given these structures: (1) tendon or muscle (2) ligament (3) articular cartilage (4) fibrous capsule (of joint capsule) (5) skin (6) synovial membrane (of joint capsule) Choose the order in which they would most likely be penetrated. 5,1,2,6,4,3 5,2,1,4,3,6 5,1,2,6,3,4 5,1,2,4,3,6 5,1,2,4,6,3

Answer 35

5,1,2,4,6,3

Question 36

Which of these joints is correctly matched with the type of joint? atlas to occipital condyle—pivot tarsal bones to metatarsal bones—saddle femur to hipbone—ellipsoid tibia to talus—hinge scapula to humerus—plane

Answer 36

tibia to talus—hinge

Question 37

When you grasp a doorknob, what movement of your forearm is necessary to unlatch the door—that is, to turn the knob in a clockwise direction? (Assume using the right hand.) pronation rotation supination flexion extension

Answer 37

supination

Question 38

After the door is unlatched, what movement of the elbow is necessary to open it? (Assume the door opens in and you are on the inside.) pronation rotation supination flexion extension

Answer 38

flexion

Question 39

After the door is unlatched, what movement of the shoulder is necessary to open it? (Assume the door opens in and you are on the inside.) pronation rotation supination flexion extension

Answer 39

extension

Question 40

When grasping a doorknob, the thumb and finger undergo opposition. reposition. lateral excursion. medial excursion. dorsiflexion.

Answer 40

opposition.

Question 41

A runner notices that the lateral side of her right shoe is wearing much more than the lateral side of her left shoe. This could mean that her right foot undergoes more _____________ than her left foot. eversion inversion plantar flexion dorsiflexion lateral excursion

Answer 41

inversion

Question 42

For a ballet dancer to stand on her toes, her feet must evert. invert. plantar flex. dorsiflex. abduct.

Answer 42

plantar flex.

Question 43

A meniscus is found in the shoulder joint. elbow joint. hip joint. knee joint. ankle joint.

Answer 43

knee joint.

Question 44

A lip (labrum) of fibrocartilage deepens the joint cavity of the temporomandibular joint. shoulder joint. elbow joint. knee joint. ankle joint.

Answer 44

shoulder joint.

Question 45

Which of these joints has a tendon inside the joint cavity? temporomandibular joint shoulder joint elbow joint knee joint ankle joint

Answer 45

shoulder joint

Question 46

Which of these structures help stabilize the shoulder joint? rotator cuff muscles cruciate ligaments medial and lateral collateral ligaments articular disks All of these are correct.

Answer 46

rotator cuff muscles

Question 47

Bursitis of the subacromial bursa could result from flexing the wrist. kneeling. overusing the shoulder joint. running a long distance. extending the elbow.

Answer 47

overusing the shoulder joint.

Question 48

Which of these events does not occur with the aging of joints? decrease in production of new cartilage matrix decline in synovial fluid production stretching of ligaments and tendons and increase in range of motion weakening of muscles increase in protein cross-linking in tissues

Answer 48

stretching of ligaments and tendons and increase in range of motion