Chapter 8 Flashcards
Which procedure must be performed before pupillary dilation?
Swinging-light test.
It treats the direct and consensual reaction to near light. Failure to reach consensually indicates abnormal function of the Iris sphincter muscle or the nerve pathways connected to the brain
What are prism and the alternate cover test used for?
Measure the deviation in a misaligned eye.
Cover-uncover is used to detect misalignment and the Prism and Alternate Cover Test is used to measure it
What is a necessary part of the Schirmer test?
Remove the testing strip after 5 minutes.
The Schirmer test measures tear output. A strip of filter paper is placed on the patient’s fornix and removed after 5 minutes. Less than 10mm of wetting indicates dryness
Corneal topography is useful for what measurement?
Refractive error.
Keratometry and Corneal typography directly measure a patient’s Corneal curvature which helps with refractive error and fitting contact lenses
How does a pinhole occluder determine whether refractive error is the cause of decreased VA?
Transmission of parallel light rays.
The pinhole only admits parallel rays, which do not require refraction by the Cornea or the lens
In a normal consensual reaction, when light is directed into one eye what will the pupil of the other eye do?
Constrict.
Failure presents an APD or Marcus Gunn pupil
How often should a healthy 40-64 year old get eye exams?
Every 2 to 4 years.
After 65, every 1-2 years is recommended due to the variety of age related eye conditions that can take place
What part of the exam evaluates visual system operation?
Pupillary examination.
Aspects that evaluate visual system operation: VA, alignment and motility, pupillary, visual field, and IOP (tech tests)
A reading of 3 on the Goldmann indicates what IOP?
30mm Hg.
The dial number represents the amount of force to flatten a 3.06 mm diameter circle of the Cornea. The number is multiplied by 10 to give pressure in mm of Hg
When conducting the Amsler grid test, where does the patient hold the grid?
12-14 inches away.
It is important that it is always performed at the same distance, under the same lighting, and with correction
An Afferent Pupillary Defect may be detected in patients with what condition?
Optic nerve damage.
APDs can be indicative of Iris muscle or nerve damage, nerve and retina pathology, and diseases affecting the visual pathway and the brain
IOP is measured by flatteninga small area of the Cornea using what procedure?
Applanation Tonometry.
Applanation measures the force required in mm Hg. Indentation measures the amount of corneal indentation produced by a fixed weight
Near visual acuity measurements can be recorded in units from what system?
Jaeger.
It assigns each line a single, arbitrary, Jaeger value to a Snellen or distance value
What is gonioscopy used to view?
Structures of the anterior chamber angle.
A goniolens is placed on an anesthetized cornea and is used to view the anterior chamber angle
What does the number represent when reading the Snellen acuity recording 20/100
Distance in feet at which a normal eye can see a particular line on the chart.
The top number represents the distance in feet the test was performed, the second number compares the furthest distance they can see to a normal eye
