Chapter 8

Question 1

List the message types.

Answer 1

Data message
Command message

Question 2

What is data made, stored, sent and received electronically?

Answer 2

A data message

Question 3

What is a message that controls some aspect of the communication process.?

Answer 3

A command message

Question 4

What are the set of rules and
conventions governing message
transmission and reception?

Answer 4

A communication protocol.

Question 5

Be familiar with the communication protocol diagram.

Answer 5

Chapter 8, Page 8

Question 6

What is a data transmission event of events representing a bit or bits?

Answer 6

Signal

Question 7

What is energy transmitted through a communication channel called?

Answer 7

A sine wave

Question 8

List the techniques used to encode bits in sine waves.

Answer 8

Amplitude modulation - amplitude changes, else is constant.
Frequency modulation - frequency changes, else is constant.
Phase-shift modulation - phase changes, else is constant.
Multilevel coding

Question 9

Watch YT Videos on the modulation methods.

Answer 9

ayt, bet.

Question 10

What uses all the possible values of wave characteristics as different numeric values?

Answer 10

Analog signal

Question 11

What contains one of a finite number of values in each signal event?

Answer 11

A digital signal

Question 12

What can represent only represent only one of two possible values in each signal event?

Answer 12

A binary signal

Question 13

What type of waves are the preferred method of transmitting digital data over short distances?

Answer 13

Square waves.

Question 14

What differentiates analogue and digital signals?

Answer 14

The data-carrying capacity
Susceptibility to error

Question 15

Which signal has a higher data-carrying capacity?

Answer 15

Analog signals

Question 16

Which signal has a lower error rate?

Answer 16

Binary signals

Question 17

List the elements of a communication channel. STR

Answer 17

Sending device
Transmission medium
Receiving device

Question 18

List the 2 types of transmission medium.

Answer 18

Guided-wired transmission
Unguided - wireless transmission

Question 19

List the important characteristics of all transmission media that affect their capability to transmit messages successfully and efficiently.

Answer 19

Speed
Frequency
Bandwidth
Susceptibility to noise

Question 20

What is the effective data transfer rate determined by?

Answer 20

Raw data transfer rate
Probability of error

Question 21

What is the basic measure of data-carrying capacity?

Answer 21

Frequency

Question 22

What is the difference between a signal’s maximum and minimum frequency?

Answer 22

Signal bandwidth

Question 23

What is the amount of data that can be transferred from one point to another within a network in a specified amount of time called?

Answer 23

Bandwidth

Question 24

What is the difference between the maximum and minimum frequencies that can be
propagated through a transmission medium?

Answer 24

Medium bandwidth

Question 25

What are any unwanted signal components added to the data signal?

Answer 25

Noise

Question 26

What is an extra signal added to the original signal during transmission by leakage into the medium?

Answer 26

Electromagnetic interference (EMI)

Question 27

What is the loss of signal power as the signal travels through a transmission media?

Answer 27

Attenuation

Question 28

What is the change in signal as it travels through a transmission medium?

Answer 28

Distortion

Question 29

What is the difference between signal power and noise power?

Answer 29

Signal-to-noise ratio

Question 30

List the 2 common forms of copper wiring used for data communication.

Answer 30

Twisted pair wire Coaxial cable

Question 31

List the advantages and disadvantages of Twisted pair wires.

Answer 31

Advantages: Low cost Easy installation Disadvantages: Susceptible to noise Low bandwidth = limited transmission

Question 32

List the advantages and disadvantages of Coaxial cables

Answer 32

Advantages: Resistant to EMI Low attenuation Disadvantages: Hard to install More expensive to install

Question 33

List the types of channel organizations.

Answer 33

Simplex mode - single transmission path, unidirectional. Half-duplex mode - single transmission path, line turnaround. Full-duplex mode - two transmission paths, common return wire.

Question 34

Study the configurations for simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex modes.

Answer 34

Chapter 8, page 41.

Question 35

What carries multiple parts of a message simultaneously?

Answer 35

Parallel transmission

Question 36

What transmits all bits one at a time over a single electrical transmission line?

Answer 36

Serial transmission

Question 37

What is the process of combining multiple signals into one signal over a shared transmission medium called?

Answer 37

Multiplexing

Question 38

What device accepts multiple incoming independent message streams from separate channels and combines them for transmission over one multiplexed channel?

Answer 38

Multiplexer

Question 39

What device at the end of a multiplexed channel extracts individual message streams and copies them onto independent non-multiplexed channels?

Answer 39

Demultiplexer

Question 40

What divides channel capacity into time slices and allocates different slices to different conversations?

Answer 40

Time-division multiplexing (TDM)

Question 41

What divides a channel with a broad frequency range into multiple non-overlapping channels?

Answer 41

Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM)

Question 42

What is the most common type of TDM?

Answer 42

Packet switching

Question 43

What are messages from different users that are divided into smaller units?

Answer 43

Packets

Question 44

What is it called when the clock ticks (pulses) mark the end of one bit and the beginning of the next?

Answer 44

Clock synchronization

Question 45

What is it called when a sender and receiver synchronize the start and duration of each bit value by referencing a common click signal?

Answer 45

Synchronous communication

Question 46

What is it called when a sender and receiver devices are separated by greater distances and each device has its own clock?

Answer 46

Asynchronous communication

Question 47

Studdy error detection and correction.

Answer 47

Chapter 8, page 53, 54.

Question 48

Be familiar with Block checking.

Answer 48

Chapter 8, Page 57

Question 49

Be familiar with cyclic redundancy checking.

Answer 49

Chapter 8, page 58