CHAPTER 8

Question 1

What does ‘Clinical’ mean?

Answer 1

Has visible symptoms.

Question 2

What does ‘Subclinical (Silent)’ mean?

Answer 2

No visible symptoms.

Question 3

What does ‘Latent’ mean?

Answer 3

Dormant, can reactivate.

Question 4

What is Varicella Zoster associated with?

Answer 4

Chickenpox to shingles.

Question 5

What does Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) cause?

Answer 5

Oral/genital herpes.

Question 6

What is Epstein Barr Virus known as?

Answer 6

Kissing disease.

Question 7

What is Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with?

Answer 7

Asymptomatic, TB.

Question 8

What is the difference between Acute and Chronic?

Answer 8

Acute is short-term; Chronic is long-term.

Question 9

What does ‘Primary’ refer to in disease?

Answer 9

Directly causes disease.

Question 10

What does ‘Opportunistic’ mean?

Answer 10

Affects weak immune systems.

Question 11

What is an example of an opportunistic pathogen?

Answer 11

Candida albicans (fungi).

Question 12

What is an example of a bacteria causing asymptomatic infection?

Answer 12

Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Question 13

What is an Infection?

Answer 13

Entry + multiplication of pathogens.

Question 14

What is an Infectious Disease?

Answer 14

Illness from infection.

Question 15

What does ‘Contagious’ mean?

Answer 15

Easily spreads (e.g. measles).

Question 16

What does ‘Iatrogenic’ refer to?

Answer 16

From medical procedures.

Question 17

What is an example of a disease caused by Trichomonas vaginalis?

Answer 17

Pingpong disease.

Question 18

What does ‘Nosocomial’ mean?

Answer 18

Hospital-acquired (e.g. Pseudomonas aeruginosa).

Question 19

What does ‘Zoonotic’ refer to?

Answer 19

From animals to humans.

Question 20

What is an example of a zoonotic disease?

Answer 20

Francisella tularensis from rabbits.

Question 21

What does ‘Noncommunicable’ mean?

Answer 21

Can’t spread person to person.

Question 22

What is an example of a noncommunicable disease?

Answer 22

Clostridium tetani from soil spores (tetanus).

Question 23

What is Direct contact in transmission?

Answer 23

Skin entry (e.g. hookworm).

Question 24

What is Indirect contact in transmission?

Answer 24

Through vehicles (food, water, air) or vectors (insects).

Question 25

What is an example of a disease transmitted by Rickettsia rickettsii?

Answer 25

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.

Question 26

What is the Incubation period?

Answer 26

No symptoms yet.

Question 27

What is the Prodromal period?

Answer 27

Early, mild symptoms.

Question 28

What occurs during the Illness period?

Answer 28

Severe symptoms.

Question 29

What happens during the Decline period?

Answer 29

Symptoms lessen.

Question 30

What is Convalescence?

Answer 30

Recovery.

Question 31

What is a common reservoir for the Variola virus?

Answer 31

Humans (smallpox – now eradicated).

Question 32

What are common reservoirs for pathogens?

Answer 32

Humans, animals (zoonosis), and environment (plants, water).

Question 33

What are some examples of Herpesviridae?

Answer 33

VZV, HSV 1 & 2, EBV, CMV.

Question 34

What is an example of a Rhabdoviridae?

Answer 34

Rabies.

Question 35

What is an example of a Poxviridae?

Answer 35

Variola, Vaccinia.

Question 36

What is an example of a Flaviviridae?

Answer 36

Dengue.

Question 37

What is an example of a Retroviridae?

Answer 37

HIV.

Question 38

What is an example of an Orthomyxoviridae?

Answer 38

Influenza A, B, C, D.

Question 39

What is an example of a Reoviridae?

Answer 39

Rotavirus.

Question 40

What is Cytomegalovirus (CMV) associated with?

Answer 40

Congenital; 'owl’s eye' cells.

Question 41

What is Hodgkin’s Lymphoma characterized by?

Answer 41

Reed Sternberg cells.

Question 42

What is Necrotizing fasciitis caused by?

Answer 42

Group A Strep pyogenes (strawberry tongue).

Question 43

What does green pigment indicate?

Answer 43

Pseudomonas (pyocyanin).

Question 44

What does red pigment indicate?

Answer 44

Serratia marcescens (prodigiosin).

Question 45

What does Morbidity refer to?

Answer 45

# of cases.

Question 46

What does Mortality refer to?

Answer 46

# of deaths.

Question 47

What does Infectivity mean?

Answer 47

How it spreads.

Question 48

What does Pathogenicity refer to?

Answer 48

Can it cause disease?

Question 49

What does Virulence mean?

Answer 49

How severe is the disease?