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Flashcards in Chapter 8 Deck (26)
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1
Q

When the power of the maternalist argument fell short, what issue did reformers have difficulty with?

A

Ending child labor

2
Q

What was the goal of the Women’s Trade Union League (WTUL)?

A

To reconcile women workers with the organized labor movement

3
Q

After the United States entered World War I, Ida B. Wells-Barnett was threatened with jail because she

A

defended black soldiers executed by the U.S. government.

4
Q

What strategy did the National Consumers’ League develop to argue against the Supreme Court’s refusal to accept a maximum workday for women in Lochner v. New York?

A

They reasoned women workers needed special protection because they could become mothers.

5
Q

Why did it take so long to win votes for women?

A

Large numbers of women with little else in common had to unite behind this goal.

6
Q

How was the Great Migration of African Americans from southern rural communities to northern urban centers during the 1910s different from European and Asian migrations?

A

African American women comprised almost 50 percent of migrants.

7
Q

An extremely organized and politicized manifestation of cutting-edge feminism in the Progressive era was the struggle for

A

birth control.

8
Q

What was significant for women reformers about the 1912 presidential election?

A

Two of the three political parties supported woman suffrage.

9
Q

What did the disparity in average working men’s and women’s wages reflect in 1900?

A

Men had the most skilled jobs.

10
Q

What feminist goal did Charlotte Perkins Gilman advocate?

A

Collective housework to ease women’s domestic burden

11
Q

Activist women viewed supporting the war as an opportunity to

A

demonstrate their right to full citizenship.

12
Q

Female social reformers during the Progressive era often described women’s activism by drawing on the image of

A

public housekeeping.

13
Q

What is notable about the Progressive Party’s position regarding women?

A

It fully integrated women into all its activities.

14
Q

Jane Addams became the first American woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for

A

her role in the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.

15
Q

Why did women organize a silent march down the streets of New York City in 1914?

A

To protest the violence of war

16
Q

What did African American women hope to gain from suffrage?

A

A counter to the disenfranchisement of African American men

17
Q

What ground-breaking step was taken by the National Woman’s Party as they tried to push for woman suffrage?

A

Picketing the White House

18
Q

Wage-earning women supported the woman suffrage movement because they were promised that the vote would

A

raise women’s wages.

19
Q

To introduce a more radical suffrage approach that broke from the NAWSA’s previous campaigns, Alice Paul and Lucy Burns

A

conducted a western campaign to oust Democrats from office.

20
Q

How did clerical work change as more women moved into the occupation?

A

While this work was increasingly open to women, it ceased being an avenue of upward mobility.

21
Q

What was the turning point in the Lawrence textile strike of 1912?

A

When children were beaten by police, which drew negative publicity for factory owners

22
Q

How did a new generation of suffrage leaders try to bring the suffrage movement into conformity with the realities of urban, industrial, modern America in the early 1900s?

A

They rejected the outdated term “woman suffrage” for the more modern term, “votes for women.”

23
Q

Why did women establish the Women Wage Earners Association during World War I?

A

To assist migrating black women workers

24
Q

What was a central principle of “Maternalism,” a term coined by recent historians to refer to the Progressive-era justification for women’s programs?

A

Society needed to protect motherhood for the good of the nation.

25
Q

Why were the women strikers successful in the garment workers’ strike of 1909-1910?

A

Harassment of upper- and middle-class WTUL members brought newspaper headlines.

26
Q

Why was Margaret Sanger arrested in 1916?

A

For operating a birth control clinic