Chapter 8

Question 1

Turgor pressure

Answer 1

Pressure that develops in a plant cell due to osmosis or imbibition

Question 2

Plasmolysis

Answer 2

Shrinkage due to water loss in a hypertonic solution

Hypertonic= more solute less water 
Hypotonic= less solute more water
Isotonic= same concentration of solute

Question 3

Lipid bilayer

Answer 3

Phospholipids and sterols (plants don’t have cholesterol)

Question 4

Proteins

Answer 4

Peripheral proteins (do not penetrate membrane) and integral proteins (hydrophobic/hydrophilic)

Question 5

Carbohydrates

Answer 5

Attach to proteins or lipids

Question 6

Simple diffusion

Answer 6

Small non polar, occurs down concentration gradient

Question 7

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 7

Carrier proteins or channel proteins

Question 8

Active transport

Answer 8

Movement across membrane with an energy cost (against a concentration or electrochemical gradient)

Question 9

Three types of endocytosis

Answer 9

Phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor- mediated endocytosis

Question 10

Phagocytosis

Answer 10

Ingestion or large particles derived form the plasma membrane

Question 11

Pinocytosis

Answer 11

Same mechanism as phagocytosis ingestion or liquids derived from the plasma desmata

Question 12

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 12

Occurs in specialized depressions of the plasma desmata coated with a peripheral protein (coated pits)

Question 13

Single transduction

Answer 13

Process by which cell converts an extra cellular signal into a response

Question 14

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 14

Passing through plasmodesmata= desmotubule

Question 15

Symplast

Answer 15

Plant body together with their plasmodesmata constitute a continuum

Question 16

Apoplast

Answer 16

Cell wall confinuum plus intercellular spaces