Chapter 8: Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards by lupita robles

What parts are included in the pectoral girdle?

Clavicle

Scapula

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What are the features on the clavicle? (Hint:2)

Sternal end

Acromial end

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medial, cone-shaped end
inferior surface-rough
attached to the manubrium
on clavicle

Sternal end

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lateral flat end
attached to acromial process and scapula
on clavicle

Acromial end

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What are the four features on the scapula?

Spine
Acromion process
Coracoid process
Glenoid cavity

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Posterior on the scapula

spine

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process that is continuous with the spine
large process
anterior with clavicle
on scapula

acromion process

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process anterior to the acromion
site to attach muscles
on scapula

coracoid process

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on the lateral side of the humerus head
the humerus bone connects to
on scapula

glenoid cavity

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What parts are considered the upper limb? (Hint:6)

humerus
ulna
radius
carpals
metacarpals
phalanges

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This part articulates with scapula, radius, and ulna

humerus

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Name the features of the humerus bone. (Hint:10)

head
anatomical neck
greater tubercle
lesser tubercle
intertubercular groove
surgical neck 
deltoid tuberosity
medial/lateral epicondyles
olecranon fossa
condyle (trochlea and capitulum)

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medial side
proximal epiphysis
hemi-spherical
into glenoid cavity
on humerus

head

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next to head
on humerus
type of neck

anatomical neck

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lateral side
muscle attachment
on humerus

greater tubercle

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medial side
muscle attachment
on humerus

lesser tubercle

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below general proximal epiphysis
break when people fall
on humerus

surgical neck

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posterior pit on the distal epiphysis of humerus

olecranon fossa

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deltoid muscle attaches to this

on humerus

deltoid tuberosity

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medial condyle-ulna
“T” for time- looks like an hour glass
on humerus

trochlea

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“C” shaped
radial head articulates with
lateral condyle
on humerus

capitulum

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articulates with humerus and radius
forms elbow joint and radioulnar joints
interosseous membrane
medial in anatomical position

ulna

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smaller pits on anterior side of humerus

radial fossa

coronoid fossa

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fossa above the capitulum on humerus

radial fossa

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fossa above the trochlea on humerus

coronoid fossa

top most part trochlear notch- "bottom of u" on ulna

olecranon

for radial head coronoid process on ulna

radial notch

distal knob-like end | on ulna

head

of the ulna | "wrist bone"

styloid process of the ulna

Lateral in the anatomical position forms wrist joint and radioulnar joints some participation in elbow joint

Radius

What are the four features of the radius?

head radial tuberosity ulnar notch styloid process

proximal end round drum on radius

head

biceps attachment | on radius

radial tuberosity

distal end | on radius

ulnar notch

"wrist bone" round lateral to medial pinky on radius

styloid process of the the radius

wrist and hand includes:

carpals metacarpals phalanges

The two rows of 4 bones each are? What are the eight bones?

carpals - scaphoid - lunate - triquetrum - pisiform - trapezium - trapezoid - capitate - hamate

palm of hand | numbered I, II, III, IV, V (lateral to medial)

metacarpals

fingers pollex (thumb) numbered I, II, III, IV, V (lateral to medial) proximal, middle, and distal (except thumb)

phalanges (phalanx)

2 coxal bones (os coxae) forms the bony pelvis with the sacrum and coccyx 3 bones fused together

pelvic girdle

The parts of the pelvic girdle are tied together by?

sacroiliac joint

What makes up the os coxae?

``` ilium ischium pubis obturator foramen acetabulum ```

``` iliac crest greater sciatic notch anterior superior iliac spine posterior inferior iliac spine (located on the?) ```

ilium

ischial spine lesser sciatic notch ischial tuberosity (located on the?)

ischium

The pubic symphysis is located on the?

pubis

superior thickened outside margin on the ilium

iliac crest

on posterior side sciatic nerve on ilium

greater sciatic notch

top most anterior point | on ilium

anterior superior iliac spine

inferior most posterior border for great sciatic notch on ilium

posterior inferior iliac spine

aligned with the pelvic inlet spine opposite of the greater sciatic notch on ischium

ischial spine

blood vessels and nerves | on ischium

lesser sciatic notch

butt bone sitting on rough- site to tie many muscles on ischium

ischial tuberosity

piece that attaches the bottom of the os coxae together

pubic symphysis

the biggest hole on the os coxae

obturator foramen

three bones fused together depression on os coxae (ilium, ischium, pubis)

acetabulum

The lower limb includes:

``` femur patella tibia (leg) fibula (leg) tarsals metatarsals phalanges ```

longest, thickest bone | thigh

femur

What are the features on the femur bone?

``` head fovea capitis neck greater trochanter gluteal tuberosity linea aspera lateral/medial condyles ```

will be on the medial side attached to the acetabulum on femur

head

ligaments connect to acetabulum to femur

fovea capitis

narrow "weakest part of the bone" on femur

neck

on lateral side of the femur bone

greater trochanter

smaller | on the medial side of the femur bone

lesser trochanter

butt muscles will tie upon | on femur

gluteal tuberosity

long vertical ridge posterior on femur

linea aspera

patellar surface on anterior distal epiphysis surface on femur adjacent ligaments and tendons are tied to

lateral/medial epicondyles

triangular sesamoid bone knee

patella

leg carries the body weight articulates with femur, fibula, and ankle bones forms knee, ankle, and tibiofibular joints medial to fibula

tibia

``` leg smaller, thinner lateral to tibia doesn't participate in knee joint-below articulation site stabilizes ankle joint-surrounds talus ```

fibula

What features are on the tibia?

medial/lateral condyles tibial tuberosity anteror crest medial malleolus

What features are on the fibula?

head | lateral malleolus

proximal end articulates with femur | on tibia

medial/lateral condyles

on tibia | anterior-big attachment for the quadriceps and other muscles

tibial tuberosity

"shin bone" | on tibia

anterior crest

ankle joint by proximal epiphysis on tibia

medial malleolus

proximal part of the fibula

head

by distal epiphysis on fibula

lateral malleolus

The bones included in the ankle and foot are:

tarsals metatarsals phalanges

tarsal bones include:

``` talus calcaneus cuboid navicular medical cuneiform intermediate cuneiform lateral cuneiform ```

What is the part of the heel called, that we stand on?

tuber calcanei

make up a large part of 'arch' | I, II, III, IV, V (medial to lateral)

metatarsals

proximal, middle, distal (except great toe) | hallux (great toe)

phalanges of lower limb

Chapter 8: Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

(82 cards)